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65 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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______ makes carbohydrates into Atp (conerts) Is the "Powerhouse of the cell."
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mitochandrion
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_____ inter connecting bundles of fibers that give a cell it's shape. "Tent poles of cells.
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cytoskeleton
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_______small tubes
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microtubles
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_____give cells their shape.
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microfiloments
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some cytoskeletial movements are involved in ___________.
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locomotion movement
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________short, hairlike structures that beat or roll to move a cell or move substances by a cell.
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cilia
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_______long, whiplike, organ of mobility
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flagellum
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________organelle where photosynthesis occurs.
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chloroplast.
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_______stacks of sacks. contains pigments or colored molecules.
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thyllakoid membrane
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_________big sack
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central vacuole
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_______the process of using the sun's energy to produce sugar (carbohydrates) from CO2 in the air.
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photsynthesis.
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What organisms photosynthesize.
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photosynthsiers
producers autotrophs |
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________a self feeder makes own food
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autotroph
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What is the formula for photosynthesis?
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12 H20 + 6 co2 _____6O2 + C6H12O6 +6 H20
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_______occurs in the Thylakoid membrane of chloroplast. Occur only in light.
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Light depenendent reaction
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______pigments that absorb wavelengths of sunlight
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light dependent
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_______portion of wavelengths that we can see.
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visible spectrum
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What are the colors in the visible spectrum?
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ROYBIV red, orange, yellow, blue, indigo, violet
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________taken in
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absorb
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______bounced off
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reflect
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________colored molecules
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pigments
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What is the main pigment?
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chlorphyll
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What color is chlorphyll?
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green
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What are some accessory pigments?
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xanthophil-yellow
caretenoids- orange |
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The trapped sun's energy will cause an ____ from the pigments to become excitied.
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electron
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________accepts the electron
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electron acceptor
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______a series of proteins in a membrane that allows ATP to be made.
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electron transport
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_______group of pigments
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photosystem
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_____splitting of water molecules by light.
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photolysis
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__________is produced and released in the early steps of the light dependent reactions of photsynthesis.
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Oxygen gas
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The oxygen we breath is released from a ________________.
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water molecule
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__________ occurs in the stroma of chloroplast.
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Light independent reactions
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carbon dioxide is going to enter a leaf through the opening in the leaf cell called ________.
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stomates
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Stomates are surronded by________.
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guard cells
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The _______&________ formed in the light depenent reactions are used to make CO2 into sugar or carbohydrates.
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NADPH & ATP
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Where does the Calvin Benson cycle take place?
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Light dependent reaction
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__________is a typical type of photosynthesis
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C3
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____________ has four carbon intimediate. Uses different enzymes than C3. Is effective at higher temperature.
Difference in plant anatomy. |
C4 photosynthesis
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_________ is a type of photosynthesis in cacti. Cacti are adapted to conserve H2O. The Cacti only open stomates at night. They have modified leaves.
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CAM photosynthesis
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_________pathways that convert carbohydrates into Atp.
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energy releasing pathways
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______(cellular respiration) Occurs in the mitochandria. Is an energy releasing pathway that requires oxygen. Generates 36 ATPs.
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Aerobic respiration
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______ is completed w/out oxygen. Has alcoholic fermentation. Latic Acid fermentation. Generates 2 ATP's.
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Anaerobic respiration
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What is the first step in both aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
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glycloysis
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__________ occurs in the cytoplasm.
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glycolysis
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________ (kerb's cycle)
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aerobic respiration.
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In aerobic respiration __________is converted into pyruvate in cytoplasm (glycolysis). The _______ enters the mitochondrion and is made into ATP.
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carbohydrate, Pyruvate
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________includes all organisms, plants, fungi, and animals.
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aerobic respiration
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_________movement of bulky substances through membrane. The substance will be contained in a vesicle.
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endocytosis
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__________movement of bulky substance out of cell. reverse of endocytosis.
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exocytosis
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_________type of endocytosis where a large cell (Amoebia) engulfs a virus or bacteria for food or to destroy.
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Phagocytosis
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__________where liquid is moved into the cell.
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Pinocytosis
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__________these contain special structures that carry out specific functions = organelle.
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Eukaryotic cell
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_______sack that holds DNA
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Nucleus
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__________double membrane
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nuclear enevelope
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_________holes in the membrane molecules can move in and out.
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nuclear pores
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________chromosome molecules of heredity
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DNA
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___________where protein and RNA subunits are assembled. Site of ribosome synthesis. where ribosomes are made.
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nucleolus
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________site of protein synthesis. Made of rRNA (ribosomal RNA) has two subunits, can read genetic code, and assemble proteins.
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ribosome
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_______pathway through cell.
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cytomembrane system
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_______membrane begins at nucleus and curves through the cytoplasm.
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Endoplasmic system (E.R.)
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________-covered in ribosomes looks bumby. Making of proteins that are used elsewhere.
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rough e.r.
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________not covered in ribosomes. place where lipids are made site of lipid synthesis.
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smooth e.r.
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_________flattened inter connecting sacks. Have vesicles.
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golgi bodies.
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________sorts and modifies lipids and proteins then packages them into a vesicle and sends it elsewhere.
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golgi bodies
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__________A special vesicle. Contains powerful digestive enzymes that can destroy the cell. "suicide sacks. destroys pathogen (disease causing organisms) cellular recycling.
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lysosome
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