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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Chaperonins
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a protein that assists a newly forming protein
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Hydrolysis Reaction
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the reverse of a condensation reaction, digest polymers and produce monomers
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Steriods
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any of numerous lipids based on a 17- carbon atom ring system.
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Saturated Fatty Acids
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all the bonds between the carbon atoms
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Peptide linkage
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the connecting group in a protein chain
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RNA
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a nucleic acid using ribose
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Monosaccharides
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such as glucose, ribose, or fructose
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DNA
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the fundamental hereditary material of all liveing
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Phospholipids
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cellular materials that contain phosphorus
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Amino acids
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an organic compound of the general formula, where R can be one of 20 or more different side groups.
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a Helix
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type of proteinnn secondary structure\
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Nucleic acids
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a long chain alternating polymer of deoxyribose or ribose
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Triglyceride
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a simple lipid in which three fatty acids are combined
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Nucleotid
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the region that harbors the chromosomes
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Proteins
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one of the most fundamental building substances of living organisms.
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R group
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in amino acids determine the three dimensional structure and function of the macromolecule
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Tertiary structure of proteins
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the relative locations in three dimensional space of all the atoms in the molecule.
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Quaternary structure of proteins
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of aggregating proteins, the aggangement of polypeptide subuints
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Monomers
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a small molecule, two or more of which can be combined to form oligomers.
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Condensation Reactions
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two molecules become connected
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Pentose
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five carbon sugars
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Enzymes
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increases the rates of chemical reactions in cells, a function known as catalysis.
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Disulfide bridge
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covalent bond, which helps to determine how a protein chain folds.
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Phoshodiester Linkage
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the connection in a nucleic acid strand
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Polysaccharides
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macromolecules composed of many monosaccarides
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Nucleosides
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nucleic acids are composed of
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Polymers
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a large molecule made up of similar or identical subunits called monomers.
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Beta helix
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formed from two or more polypeptide chains
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Glycosidic linkage
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the connection in an oligosaccharide or polysaccharide chain
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Disaccharides
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carbohydrates made up of two
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Carotenoids
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a family of light-absorbing pigments
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Unsaturated Fatty Acids
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the hydrocarbon chain contains one or more double bonds
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