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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is science ? |
Science is a process of knowing about nature. |
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What is the mission of science? |
To know about nature? |
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Which four goals does science seek to accomplish? |
Describe ,classify,explain,and communicate about nature. |
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Which paradigm of knowing is used in science inquiry? |
Empiricism Knowledge is attained Only through experience and observation. Predicated on: Nature can be known because it has patterns and is measurable . |
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What are data? |
Data are raw material of science. |
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How do people collect data? |
Data are collected through the senses by seeing,hearing,touching,smelling,and tasting nature. |
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Which is not means of ligitimate data? |
Scientist do not collect data through esp,clairvoyance, whichcraft,prayer. |
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How does technology impact the ability to collect data? |
Scientist do expand their ability to observe nature beyond innate senses, however by using various forms of technology to collect data. |
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What is the hypothetical deductive method? |
It's to observe / question ,hypothesize,predict,test/outcome and conclude |
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If one accepts a hypothesis ,does that mean it's true? hypothesis ,does that mean it's true? hypothesis ,does that mean it's true? |
Perhaps but only time will tell |
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How does scientist generate confidence in hypotheses? |
Repeat testing with out falsification and continously testing and eliminating other hypotheses. |
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Why can't we test hypothesis true with 100 percent certainty? |
Better hypothesis may exist. Most natural phenomena are conditional and a single test connotations typically address all of the conditions . Some test yield false conclusions because the test sample does not reflect the population as a whole. |
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What is correlation? |
Is a relationship among two or more factors. |
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How does a positive correlation differ from a negative correlation? |
A postie correlation is an direct relationship. Both factors change in the same manner. A negative correlation is an indirect /inverse relationship.factots change in opposite manners. |
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How do scientist report the magnitude of a correlation ? |
Correlation have a magnitude expressed by a coefficient r2 . Strong r2 nears 1 (especially >0.70);weak r2 nears 0. |
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If you are given graph similar to the ones dipicted in the lesson, can you determine if there is a correlation,it's magnitude and it's sign positive or negative . |
In the first graph there is a strong positive correlation . |
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If ones has shown a correlation between two factors ,can he or she automatically conclude that the change in one factors causes corresponding change in the other factor? |
Correlation does not imply causation (that change in one factor causes change in the other factor ) |
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What kind of hypothesis test is sought out to establish causation ? |
Experiments |
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Which three questions must one ask about his or her predictions before proceeding with testing a hypothesis from which it was derived ? |
Is it logical? Is it testable ? Is it ethical? |
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Why do researcher like to use experiments as hypothesis test when they are applicable? |
Experiments are rigorous because they enable researchers to attribute causation to one or more variables . They also permit greater control over confounding variables. |
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What are the five elements of an experiment ? |
Independent variable,dependent variable ,standardize variable ,experimental group,control group. |
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What is a ways experiment ? |
Lack one or more of these elements and are less rigourous. |
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Experimental variables/independent variable |
The independent variable is purposely manipulated in experimental subjects. |
