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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the fluid mosaic membrane model?
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Singer & Nicolson (1972) proposed fluid mosaic model
The Currently accepted model of cell membrane structure, which envisions the membrane as a mosaic of protein molecules drifting laterally in a fluid bilayer of phospholipids. |
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Could you draw a model of the plasma membrane including integral proteins, peripheral proteins, cholesterol, the phosopholid bilayer, intermediate filaments and the extracellular matraix? If so, you would really be golden for the exam. Try it, it should be fun.
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Maybe
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What are different kinds of membrane proteins?
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Transport Proteins = regulate transport of molecules across membrane
Peripheral proteins = on surface of membrane Integral proteins = embedded in membrane |
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What are the different functions of the membrane proteins?
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Transport Proteins = regulate transport of molecules across membrane
Peripheral proteins = on surface of membrane Integral proteins = embedded in membrane |
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Typically, what kinds of molecules can cross the membrane?
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Molecules that non-polarized, and smaller particles. Anything like a macromolecule would have difficulty passing through without assistance.
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What is passive transport?
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Passive Transport (diffusion & osmosis)
No ATP required Molecules follow concentration gradient |
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What is active transport?
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Active Transport
Requires carrier protein & ATP |
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What is osmosis?
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The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane.
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What happens to cells in hypotonic, hypertonic and isotonic solutions?
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Hypotonic Solution: less concentrated outside of cell
Water moves in & cell swells (lysis) Isotonic Solution: concentration of solution = on both sides Hypertonic Solution: more concentrated outside of cell Water moves out & cell shrinks (plasmolysis) |
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What is the sodium-potassium pump?
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Sodium-potassium pump maintains gradient of sodium (Na+) & potassium ions (K+) inside animal cell
high concentration of K+ low concentration of Na+ Sodium-potassium pump uses 1 ATP to pump: 3 Na+ ions out 2 K+ ions in |
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What are the different types of membrane assisted transport?
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Endocytosis: cells take in substances
Phagocytosis = Large, solid material (food) Pinocytosis = Liquid or small material (drink) Receptor-Mediated = Specific form of pinocytosis using a coated pit |
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Inflammatory Response process 4
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1. stab hand
2. activation of monocytes to become macrophages, which begin eating excess tissue and bacteria (phagocytosis). Macrophages release cytokines which attract other phagocytes (neutrophils). 3. Mast cells (basophils) release histamine, which increases blood flow to bring more white blood cells 4. some cytokines release pyrogens, which travel to the hypothalamus and intitiate prostaglandin release, which produces fever |
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What is receptor mediated endocytosis?
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Receptor-mediated endocytosis = specific substances are transported
Extracellular substances bind to special receptors on membrane surface near coated pits Triggers formation of a vesicle Receptor-mediated endocytosis = absorb cholesterol |
