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74 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Long Bones
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long longitudal axes, expanded ends
examples: femur and humerus. |
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Short Bones
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cube-like; widths and lenghts around the same
examples: carpals and tarsals |
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Flat Bones
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Platelike structues with broad surfaces
examples: scapulae, ribs and some of the skull bones |
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Irregular Bones
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DIfferent Shapes and are usually connected to ther bones
examples: vertebrae and many facial bones |
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Sesamoid Bones
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Round Bones...usually small and nodular embeded within tendons and adjacent to joints
example: kneecap |
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Epiphysis
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The expanded end of a long bone
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Articular Cartilage
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Hyaline cartilage that covers end of bones in synovial joints.
-also covers the epiphysis |
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Diaphysis
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The shaft of a long bone between the epiphysis
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Periosteum
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Completely covers the bone except for on the bones ends.
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Compact bone
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Makes up the diaphysis. Has continuous extracellular matrix with no spaces.
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Spongy Bone
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Makes up the epiphysis. Consists of numerous branching bony plates.
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Medullary Cavity
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A hollow chamber in the semirigid tube of the diaphysis. It is continuous with the spaces of spongy bone.
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Endosteum
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A thin layer of cells that line the areas of the medullary cavity.
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Marrow
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Specialized Connective tissue that fills the endosteum.
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Intramembranous Bones
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Broad flat bones of the skull.
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Osteoblasts
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Bone forming cells
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Osteocytes
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A mature osteoblast that has been surrounded by extracellular matrix.
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Ossification
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The formation of a bone.
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Endochondral Bones
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Most of the bones in the skeleton.
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Epiphyseal Plate
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A band of cartilage that remains between both ossification centers of the diaphysis and epiphysis.
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Osteoclasts
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Multinucleated cells taht break down the calcified extracellular matrix.
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Lever
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Simple Mechanical Device
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Parts of a Lever
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1. A rigid bar or rod
2. A fulcrum or pivot on which the bar turns. 3. An object that is moved against resistance 4. A force that supplies energy to move the bar |
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Hematopoiesis
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The process of blood cell formation
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Hemoglobin
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Oxygen carrying pigment in the red blood cells.
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Axial Skeleton
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Consists of the bony cartilaginous parts that support and protect the organs of the head, neck, and trunk
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Skul
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Composed of the cranium and the facial bones
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Cranium
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Brain Case
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Hynoid Bone: Where
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located in teh neck between the lower jaw and the larynx.
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Hynoid Bone: What
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Supports the toungue and is an attachemnt for certain muscles that help move the tongue during swallowing
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Vertebral Column
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(Backbone) consists of many vertebrae seperated by cartilaginous intervertebral discs.
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Sacrum
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Near the end of teh vertebral column. Part of the Pelvis
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Coccyx
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Small tailbone composed of several fused vertebrae and is attached to the end of the sacrum
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Thoracic Cage
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Protects the organs of the thoracic cavity and the upper abdominal cavity. Composed of twelve pairs of ribs
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Ribs
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Found in the thoracic cavity.
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Sternum
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Found in the thoracic cavity. (breastbone). Most of the ribs attach anteriorly.
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Appendicular Skeleton
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Consists of the bones of the upper and lower limbs and the bones that anchor the limbs to the axial skeleton.
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Pectoral Girdle
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Connects bones of the upper limbs to the axial skeleton and aids in upper limb movements
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Scapula
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-Pectoral Girdle
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Clavicle
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Pectoral Girdle
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Humerus
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-Upper Limb
-Arm Bone -1 |
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Radius
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-Upper Limb
-1 |
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Ulna
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-Upper Limb
-1 |
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Carpals
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- Upper Limb
-8 - Wrist Bone |
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Metacarpals
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-Upper Limb
-10 -Bones of the palm |
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Phalanges
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-Upper Limb
-28 - singular form is phalanx -Finger Bones 14 in each hand |
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Pelvic Girdle
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Connect the bones of the lower limbs to the axial skeleton and form the pelvis.
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Femur
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Longest bone in the body
Found in the Thigh -Lower Limbs -2 |
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Tibia
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-Lower LImbs
-2 |
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Fibula
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-Lower Limbs
-2 |
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Patella
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-Lower Limbs
-2 |
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Tarsals
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Ankle Bones
-Lower Limbs - 14 |
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Mandible
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Lower Jawbone; is movable and held to the cranium by liganments
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Frontal Bone
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Anterior portion of the skull above the eyes.
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Parietal Bones
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Located on each side of the skull just behind the frontal bone.
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Occipital Bone
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Forms teh back of the skull and the base of the cranium.
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Paranasal sinuses
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Air-filled cavities of the cranial bones.
Lined with mucous membranes and connected by passageways to the nasal cavity |
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Supraorbital Forarmen
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Marks the frontal bone.
Blood vessels and nerves pass through this to the tissues of the forehead. |
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Frontal Sinuses
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Two within the frontal bone; one above each eye near the midline.
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Sagittal Suture
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a
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Coronal Suture
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a
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Lacrimal Bone
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a
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Squamous Suture
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a a
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Perpendicular plate of the eithmoid bone
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a
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Infraorbital Foramen
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a
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Vomer Bone
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z
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Mandible
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a
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Supraorbital Foramen
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a
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Nasal Bone
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a
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Middle Nasal Concha of the ethmoid bone
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a
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Zygomatic Bone
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a
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Inferior nasal concha
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a
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Maxilla
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a
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Mental Foramen
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a
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