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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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why are cells small? |
as they grow in diameter volume increases quickly which is a limiting factor |
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what is a nucleic acid? |
complex organic molecule made of nucleotide monomers |
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what are the differences between DNA RNA? |
are both nucleic acids but DNA contains the nueclotide T and is double stranded while RNA is single stranded with nucleotide base U |
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magnification? resolution? |
magnification is the ability to make an object appear bigger then it is depends on lens system
resolution is the ability to contrast between two objects and depends on light wavelength |
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microfilaments (function and structures) intermediate filaments microtubules
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microfilaments: compartmenting cell , cell shape muscle contraction, cellular movment- gliding, contraction and cytokinesis
intermediate filaments: tensile strength, anchor down plasma membrane (keratin)
microtubules: form spindle fibers, determine cell shape and provides tracks for cell organelles and vesicles to move on. arranged in flagella and cilia and used for locomotion (tubulin) |
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mRNA? (function and structures) rRNA |
both are made from transcription of DNA mRNA moves outside of nucleus and delivers information to organelles, rRNA is used for protein synthesis (translation process). |
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difference in ribosomes prokaryotic and eukaryotic |
both made of one large subunit and one small subunit eukaryotic ribosomes(80s) are larger then prokaryotic ribosomes(70s). |
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ATP function and structure |
used for energy in cells composed of a sugar molecules(ribose) a base(adenine) and three phosphate group |
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Pilus function and structure |
hair like appendage used for bacterial conjungation(transfer of genetic material) between to bacterial cells |
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light microscope electron microscope |
versatile 1000x for non-transparent cells non-versatile 100000x high resolving power thin specimen
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cytoskeleton elements used in flagella and cillia
difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic flagella cytoskeleton elements asscoiated with motor proteins |
microtubules are used in eukaryotic cillia and flagella while flagellin is used in prokayotic flagella (PROKAYORTICS DONT HAVE CILLIA)
flagella in eukaryotes ,larger, complex,ATP driven,bend (9+2 system) flagella in prokaryotes, smaller,simpler,proton drven,rotate microtubules in anaphase use motor proteins(kinesin) for of spindle fibers depolymerization. microfilaments are used by myosin, bind and move along actin filaments |
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cytoplasm |
Main platform for all biochemical reactions which are essential for sustenance of life.
process of glycolysis as well as in the synthesis of fatty acids, amino acid and sugar. |
