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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Matter is made of.... |
Mass |
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Cannot be broken down into other substances by chemical reactions. |
Element |
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Substance of two or more elements in a fixed ratio |
Compound |
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Required by an organism in small quantities. |
Trace elements |
Minute |
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Smallest unit of matter that retains properties of an element. |
Atom |
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What are the three subatomic particles? |
Neutrons (no electrical charge) = Protons (positive charge) + Electrons (Negative) - |
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Neutrons and protons make up...... |
The atomic nucleus (central) |
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Electrons form a "what" around the nucleus? |
Cloud |
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Neutron and proton Mass are almost identical. What are they measured in? |
Daltons |
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The number of protons in a nucleus. |
Atomic number. |
Top left number. |
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What are the sum of protons plus neutrons? |
Mass number |
Bottom number. |
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When atoms of an element differ in the number of neutrons. |
Isotopes. |
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When atoms of an element differ in the number of neutrons however, they decay giving off particles and energy. |
Radioactive isotopes. |
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What shows electron distribution for elements? |
Periodic table |
A grid that displays the information. |
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An electron state of potential energy. |
Electron shell |
Energy level / Ball bouncing down steps. |
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Determined by the distribution of electrons. |
Chemical behavior |
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What is a shared pair of valence electrons? |
Covalent bonds. |
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Two or more atoms held by covalent bonds. |
Molecule. |
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The outermost shell where chemical behavior is mostly determined by these electrons. |
Valence electrons or valence shell |
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The sharing of two pairs of valence electrons. |
Double covalent bond |
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Two or more different elements. |
Compound. |
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Atoms share electrons equally. |
Nonpolar covalent bond. |
Think of "North Pole". |
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Electrons can be shared or transferred |
Incomplete valence shells |
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The making and breaking of chemical bonds |
Chemical reactions |
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One atom is more electronegative, electrons not shared equally. |
Polar covalent bond. |
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Positive ion. |
Cation. |
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Compounds formed by ionic bonds are called... |
Ionic compounds or salts |
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Most Bonds in organisms are.... |
Strong covalent bonds |
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Attraction between Anion and Cation. |
Ionic bond. |
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Hydrogen bonds are also important. They are also know as... |
Weak bonds. |
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Negative ion. |
Anion. |
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The sharing of one pair of valence electrons. |
Single covalent bond. |
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Atoms sometimes strip electrons from their bonding partners. Example: transfer of an electron from sodium to chlorine. |
Ionic bonds. |
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Starting molecules of a chemical reaction |
Reactants |
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Results and atoms held by attractions. |
Chemical bonds. |
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The final molecules of a chemical reaction |
Products |
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Forms when a hydrogen atom covalently bonded to one electronegative atom is also attracted to another electronegative atom. |
Hydrogen bond. |
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A charged atom (or molecule) is called... |
Ion |
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