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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Scientific Method is
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The process of science
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1st step in scientific method:
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Observation
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2nd step in scientific method:
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Asking a question
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3rd step in scientific method:
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Formulating a hypothesis (tentative explanation)
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4th step in Scientific method:
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Perform the experiment
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5th step in scientific method:
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Gather results of the data
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6th step in scientific method:
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Draw a conclusion
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What is a Hypothesis?
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is a tentative explanation
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What is the basic unit of every living thing?
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The Cell
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what are the 3 major kingdoms?
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Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia
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what are the biological organization?
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Atoms > Molecule > Cell > Tissue > Organ > Organism > Population > Community > Ecosystem > biosphere
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what is a control in an experiment?
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independent variable that remains the same
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What is DNA's properties?
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It has a nitrogenous base that is made up of: Adenine (A), Guanine (G), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C),
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how is DNA always paired?
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A-T, T-A, C-G, G-C
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Organisms in the plant kingdom are:
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Photosynthetic
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What is the difference between theory and Hypothesis?
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A theory is a based upon a hypothesis and backed by evidence, and hypothesis is a proposal intended to explain certain facts or observations.
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what is the definition of population?
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a group of organisms of one type that live in the same area
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what are examples of ecosystems?
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Coral reef, Rain forest,
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what are the four most common elements in living things?
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CHON (Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen and Nitrogen)
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what percentage of living things are made up of CHON (Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen and Nitrogen)
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96%
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what is a compound?
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Two or more atoms/elements joined together chemically, with covalent or ionic bonds.
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What is a molecule?
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A molecule is formed when two or more atoms join together chemically.
(Note: All compounds are molecules but not all molecules are compounds.) |
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What is a acid
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An acid is any chemical compound that, when dissolved in water, gives a solution with a hydrogen ion activity greater than in pure water
Example: Hydrochloric acid (HCI) |
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What is a base
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a base is most commonly thought of as an aqueous substance that can accept hydrogen ions
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what is the atomic number of an atom?
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The number of protons in an atom is the atomic number
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What is the mass number of a atom?
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Number of Protons + Number of Neutrons
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Which bond is strongest
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The covalent bond
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Which bond is weakest?
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the hydrogen bond
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what is a solvent?
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a liquid substance capable of dissolving other substances
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What is a solute?
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the dissolved matter in a solution
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What is hydrophilic?
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Hydrophilic, or 'water loving' refers to molecules that are easily miscible in water.
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What is hydrophobic?
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It can either refer to a person who is unreasonably afraid of water or something that repels water and doesn't mix well with it.
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what is the process of denaturation ?
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process in which proteins or nucleic acids lose their tertiary structure and secondary structure by application of some external stress or compound.
Example: a egg incubated and a egg fried. |
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what is hydration reaction ?
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a chemical reaction that involves the loss of water from the reacting molecule
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what is hydrolysis?
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hydrolysis is the addition of one or more water molecules to another molecule, usually to create two different compounds.
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KINGDOM MONERA?
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are single-celled organisms that don’t have a nucleus. Bacteria make up the entire kingdom. There are more forms of bacteria than any other organism on Earth.
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KINGDOM PROTISTA?
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are mostly single-celled organisms that have a nucleus. They usually live in water. Some protists move around, while others stay in one place. Examples of protists include some algae, paramecium, and amoeba.
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KINGDOM FUNGI?
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are usually motionless organisms that absorb nutrients for survival. They include mushrooms, molds, and yeasts
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KINGDOM PLANTAE ?
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are multicellular, have nuclei, do not move. Examples: multicellular algae, mosses, ferns, flowering plants (dandelions, roses, etc.), trees.
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KINGDOM ANIMALIA?
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are the most complex organisms on Earth. Animals are multi-celled organisms, eat food for survival, and have nervous systems. They are divided into vertebrates and invertebrates and include mammals, amphibians, reptiles, birds and fish.
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What are the properties of life?
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1.) Growth
2.) Ability to reproduce 3.) Homeostasis 4.) Organization 5.) Matablolism 6.) Adaption 7.) Response to stimuli |
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Nucleic Acid?
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Nucleic acids are very large molecules that contain hundreds of amino acids and sugars. DNA and RNA would be examples.
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Proteins ?
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molecules composed of polymers of amino acids joined together by peptide bonds. It can be distinguished from fats and carbohydrates by containing nitrogen. examples are Insulin and Hemoglobin
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Lipids?
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anything that dissolved in an organic solvent. Lipids could be fats, oils, some vitamins, and waxes
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Monosaccharide ?
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Monosaccharide is a simple sugar. They serve as building blocks for more complex carbohydrate forms.
Some important monosaccharides include: Glucose, Fructose, and Galactose |
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Disaccharides?
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are a group of sugars composed of two monosaccharide groups linked together through the loss of sugar. Some important disaccharides include:Maltose, Lactose, and Sucrose
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Polysaccharides?
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are complex carbohydrates composed of numerous monosaccharides combined through the loss of water molecules. Examples include starch and Glycogen
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What are the four macromolecules of lie?
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Carbohydrate, Lipids, Nucleic acid, and Protein.
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Carbohydrate
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are any of a group of organic compounds that includes sugars, starches, celluloses. They serves as a major energy source in the diet of animals.
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what are four unique properties of water?
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1. Cohesion: is the sticking together of similar molecules
2.Surface Tension: cohesion allows water to pull together and form droplets or form an interface between it and other surfaces 3.Adhesion: The sticking of one substance to another. Water is a good adhesive. It will cling on to many objects and act as a glue 4. High boiling point and low freezing point. |
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Ph scale for acid?
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0-7 = Acids on Ph scale
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What acid is known as HCI
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Hydrochloric acid
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