Biology 108 Chapter 1

Front 1

Adaptation

Back 1

Organism's modification in structure, function, or behavior suitable to the environment.

Front 2

Atom

Back 2

Smallest particle of an element that displays the properties of the element.

Front 3

Biodiversity

Back 3

Total number of species, the variability of their genes, and the communities in which they live.

Front 4

Biology

Back 4

Scientific study of life.

Front 5

Biosphere

Back 5

Zone of air, land, and water at the surface of the Earth in which living organisms are found.

Front 6

Cell

Back 6

Smallest unit that displays the properties of life; always contains cytoplasm surrounded by a plasma membrane.

Front 7

Community

Back 7

Assemblage of populations interacting with one another within the same environment.

Front 8

Conclusion

Back 8

Statement made following an experiment as to whether the results support the hypothesis.

Front 9

Control Group

Back 9

Sample that goes through all the steps of an experiment but lacks the factor or is not exposed to the factor being tested; a standard against which results of an experiment are checked.

Front 10

Culture

Back 10

Total pattern of human behavior includes technology and the arts, and depends upon the capacity to speak and transmit knowledge.

Front 11

Data

Back 11

Facts or pieces of information collected through observation and/or experimentation.

Front 12

Development

Back 12

Group of stages by which a zygote becomes an organism or by which an organism changes during its life span; includes puberty and aging, for example.

Front 13

Domain

Back 13

The primary taxonomic group above the kingdom level; all living organisms may be placed in one of three domains.

Front 14

Ecosystem

Back 14

Biological community together with the associated abiotic environment; characterized by energy flow and chemical cycling.

Front 15

Evolution

Back 15

Descent of organisms from common ancestors with the development of genetic and phenotypic changes over time that make them more suited to the environment.

Front 16

Cell

Back 16

Smallest unit that displays the properties of life; always contains cytoplasm surrounded by a plasma membrane.

Front 17

Community

Back 17

Assemblage of populations interacting with one another within the same environment.

Front 18

Conclusion

Back 18

Statement made following an experiment as to whether the results support the hypothesis.

Front 19

Control Group

Back 19

Sample that goes through all the steps of an experiment but lacks the factor or is not exposed to the factor being tested; a standard against which results of an experiment are checked.

Front 20

Culture

Back 20

Total pattern of human behavior includes technology and the arts, and depends upon the capacity to speak and transmit knowledge.

Front 21

Data

Back 21

Facts or pieces of information collected through observation and/or experimentation.

Front 22

Development

Back 22

Group of stages by which a zygote becomes an organism or by which an organism changes during its life span; includes puberty and aging, for example.

Front 23

Domain

Back 23

The primary taxonomic group above the kingdom level; all living organisms may be placed in one of three domains.

Front 24

Ecosystem

Back 24

Biological community together with the associated abiotic environment; characterized by energy flow and chemical cycling.

Front 25

Evolution

Back 25

Descent of organisms from common ancestors with the development of genetic and phenotypic changes over time that make them more suited to the environment.

Front 26

Cell

Back 26

Smallest unit that displays the properties of life; always contains cytoplasm surrounded by a plasma membrane.

Front 27

Community

Back 27

Assemblage of populations interacting with one another within the same environment.

Front 28

Conclusion

Back 28

Statement made following an experiment as to whether the results support the hypothesis.

Front 29

Control Group

Back 29

Sample that goes through all the steps of an experiment but lacks the factor or is not exposed to the factor being tested; a standard against which results of an experiment are checked.

Front 30

Culture

Back 30

Total pattern of human behavior includes technology and the arts, and depends upon the capacity to speak and transmit knowledge.

Front 31

Data

Back 31

Facts or pieces of information collected through observation and/or experimentation.

Front 32

Development

Back 32

Group of stages by which a zygote becomes an organism or by which an organism changes during its life span; includes puberty and aging, for example.

Front 33

Domain

Back 33

The primary taxonomic group above the kingdom level; all living organisms may be placed in one of three domains.

Front 34

Ecosystem

Back 34

Biological community together with the associated abiotic environment; characterized by energy flow and chemical cycling.

Front 35

Evolution

Back 35

Descent of organisms from common ancestors with the development of genetic and phenotypic changes over time that make them more suited to the environment.

Front 36

Experiment

Back 36

Artificial situation devised to test a hypothesis.

Front 37

Experimental Variable

Back 37

Value expected o change as a result of an experiment; represents the factor being tested by the experiment.

Front 38

Extinction

Back 38

Total disappearance of a species or higher group.

Front 39

Gene

Back 39

Unit of heredity existing as alleles on the chromosomes; in diploid organisms, typically two alleles are inherited - one from each parent

Front 40

Homeostasis

Back 40

Maintenance of normal internal conditions in a cell or an organism by means of self regulating mechanisms.

Front 41

Hypothesis

Back 41

Supposition that is formulated after making an observation; it can be tested by obtaining more data, often by experimentation.

Front 42

Kingdom

Back 42

One of the categories used to classify organisms; the category above phylum.

Front 43

Metabolism

Back 43

All of the chemical reaction that occur in a cell.

Front 44

Molecule

Back 44

Union of two or more atoms of the same element; also, the smallest part of a compound that retains the properties of the compound.

Front 45

Multicellular

Back 45

Organism composed of many cells; usually has organized tissues, organs, and organ systems.

Front 46

Organ

Back 46

Combination of two or more different tissues performing a common function.

Front 47

Organism

Back 47

Individual living thing.

Front 48

Organ System

Back 48

Group of related organs working together.

Front 49

Placebo

Back 49

Treatment that is an inactive substance (pill, liquid, etc.), administered as if it were a therapy in an experiment, but that has no therapeutic value.

Front 50

Population

Back 50

Organisms of the same species occupying a certain area.

Front 51

Principle

Back 51

Theory generally accepted by an overwhelming number of scientists; a law.

Front 52

Reproduce

Back 52

To produce a new individual of the same type.

Front 53

Science

Back 53

Development of concepts about the natural world, often by using the scientific method.

Front 54

Scientific Method

Back 54

Process of attaining knowledge by making observations, testing hypotheses, and coming to conclusions.

Front 55

Scientific Theory

Back 55

Concept supported by a broad range of observations, experiments, and conclusions.

Front 56

Species

Back 56

Group of similarly constructed organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring; organisms that share a common gene pool.

Front 57

Standard Error

Back 57

Number used in evaluating statistical data to show the range of error in the data.

Front 58

Technology

Back 58

The science or study of the practical or industrial arts.

Front 59

Test Group

Back 59

Group exposed to the experimental variable in an experiment, rather than the control group.

Front 60

Tissue

Back 60

Group of similar cells that perform a common function.

Front 61

Vertebrate

Back 61

An animal with a vertebral column.