Biology 1015 Virginia Tech

Front 1

There is new research that suggests viruses may have been the precursor to some modern cells (T/F)

Back 1

False

Front 2

Which of the following would best describe and 'emergent property'?

Back 2

the whole is greater than the sum of individual parts

Front 3

The strength of 'evidence based research' is the use of the Scientific Method to falsify a hypothesis (T/F)

Back 3

True

Front 4

Recent Behavioral research suggests humans tend to accept that scientific information which corroborates what they already believe to be true and reject information that challenges their beliefs (T/F)

Back 4

True

Front 5

If a hypothesis cannot be falsified through experimentation then the hypothesis....

Back 5

gains credibility or strength

Front 6

In his research into the life cycle of insects, Redi actually utilized the basics of our present Scientific Method (T/F) and rejected the hypothesis of ___ and accepted the alternate hypothesis that___

Back 6

T; abiogenesis; life begets life

Front 7

the economist that helped shape much of Darwin's thinking was___ and the other scientist that contributed much was Mendel (T/F)

Back 7

Malthus; F

Front 8

Knowledge evolves through scientific experimentation, therefore science is wrong and has no credibly (T/F)

Back 8

False

Front 9

which of the following is NOT one of the seven characteristics of life discussed in class?

Back 9

Movement

Front 10

Which of the following combination of structures would be homologous?

Back 10

the wing of a bat and your arm

Front 11

the cell theory states:

Back 11

all living thins consist of cell

Front 12

a hypothesis is best described as:

Back 12

a possible explanation of an observation that can be challenged through experimentation

Front 13

the idea of evolution began with Darwin (T/F)

Back 13

false

Front 14

which of the following would be outside the bounds of scientific examination?

Back 14

consumers are asked which tomato variety produces the best tomato sauce

Front 15

Francesco Redi designed an experiment to test the notion of spontaneous generation. He left the first jar of meat open to the air and covered the second jar with gauze. The first jar would be called the ___ jar

Back 15

control

Front 16

when scientists say that a hypothesis must be falsifiable, they mean ____

Back 16

that if they hypothesis is wrong, scientists must be able to determine that it is wrong

Front 17

new characteristics arise by ___ and are always beneficial to the species (T/F)

Back 17

mutation; False

Front 18

A 57-year old women was admitted to a hospital with an infected tow, and the infection was spreading rapidly. An unknown microorganism that could not be cultured in the lab was causing the damage. Doctors observed that antibiotics, which kill only prokaryotes (bacteria), were ineffective. They suspected the microbe was a fungus, so they tried the drub Amphotericin, which targets the ergosterols in fungal cells. Because animal cells contain cholesterols, not ergosterols, animal cells are uneffected by the drug. Shortly after receiving Amphotericin, the patient improved, her infection creased and the she was released from the hospital.

Back 18

Antibiotics will not kill the microbe because it is fungal species

Front 19

You are analyzing hemoglobin in blood samples for a study in systematics. The lead scientists bring in a sample of blood and asks you to look at the amino acid content of the hemoglobin, compare it to the known amino acid distribution in humans, and let them know the difference, if any. Upon completion of your analysis , there is a difference of 55amino acids when compared with humans. Using the graph below, what animal do you think provided the blood sample?

Back 19

reptile

Front 20

the chemical activity of an atom ___

Back 20

depends on the electrons in the outermost energy level

Front 21

the farther away from the nucleus the more energy the electron has (T/F)

Back 21

true

Front 22

elements are distinguished from each other by:

Back 22

the number of protons

Front 23

the isotopes carbon-12 and carbon-14 differ in:

Back 23

the number of neutrons

Front 24

a molecule containing similar electronegative would produce a ___ molecule and a good example from our discussion would be ____

Back 24

nonpolar; the C-H bonds in fatty acid chains

Front 25

a molecule with polar covalent bonds would:

Back 25

be soluble in water

Front 26

if energy is applied to an atom

Back 26

electrons are pushed to an outer electron shell and hence a greater energy state

Front 27

if an atom is reduced it:

Back 27

gained an electron

Front 28

water is most dense at ___ because___

Back 28

4C; the tetrahedral lattice has condensed to its most compact configuration

Front 29

how many covalent bonds could an oxygen atom form?

Back 29

two

Front 30

hydrogen bonds are formed....

Back 30

when the hydrogen atom is shared in the bond between molecules

Front 31

water has the ability to aggregate hydrophobic molecules. The reason water can do this is because they hydrophobic molecules are ____

Back 31

nonpolar

Front 32

water molecules can neither be created nor destroyed (T/F) and therefore the water in this Dasani bottle probably did pass through the kidneys of a dinosaur (T/F)

Back 32

F; F

Front 33

the only atmospheric gas that can react directly with water is ___ and the effect is to increase/decrease acidity in the oceans, which has an effect of ____

Back 33

CO2; increase; dissolving cabonate and forming bicarbonate

Front 34

during a normal medical examination, a patient's blood was a pH of 7.64 what does this mean?

Back 34

it represents a slight deviation outside of "normal" toward increased alkalinity

Front 35

the water droplets on the edge of the leaf are an example of "guttation" the shape of each water droplet is caused by____; whereas the resistance of the drop to flowing off the leaf is caused by___

Back 35

cohesion; adhesion

Front 36

a one unit change in pH represents a ___ change in H+ ions

Back 36

10X

Front 37

which of the molecules (H2, N2, or O2) have the strongest bonds and are covalent or ionic?

Back 37

nitrogen; covalent

Front 38

extremes in pH have a devastating effect on aquatic life. A processing plant liberates a large quantity of ammonia (NH+) into a stream. The expected outcome for the aquatic life is ___ because____

Back 38

negative; ammonia will react with the water to produce hydroxyl ions and raise the pH of the water (make it more basic)

Front 39

which of the following functional groups would contain sulfur?

Back 39

sulfhydrl

Front 40

the acetyl group is formed by combing ....

Back 40

carbonyl and methyl groups

Front 41

The 1-4 linkage of beta-glucose monomers would give a molecule of ___; and if we added an N-acetyl group, we would now have___.

Back 41

cellulose; chintin

Front 42

the carbohydrate in DNA is ____ and it is a ___ sugar

Back 42

deoxyribose; 5 carbon

Front 43

Splenda is an artificial sweetner. In this case, chloride (Cl) has replaced some of the ____ functional groups in Sucrose which is formed by the ____ reaction between ____ and ____. The real question is can splenda be digested?

Back 43

OH; dehydration; glucose and fructose; NO beacuse we lack the enzymes to do so

Front 44

lipids share one characteristic in common which is all ___

Back 44

all are insoluble in water

Front 45

fats of plant origin are characterized by having ___ double bonds and are ___ at room temperature

Back 45

one or more doouble bonds; lipids

Front 46

a double bond in a fatty acid chain causes the chain to ___ which, in turn causes the fat molecules to __

Back 46

bend (crinkle); spread further apart

Front 47

the accompanying figure is a ___ it is characterized by being ___ and contains ___ fatty acid chains. The molecule make up ___

Back 47

phospholipids; bipolar; two; membranes

Front 48

the "fluid mosaic" model describes ___

Back 48

cell membrane

Front 49

the monomers of proteins are ___ and these monomers are linked together by___

Back 49

amino acids; peptide bonds

Front 50

in our story about reindeer legs, one would expect the cell membranes that make up the legs in cold weather to have ___ double bonds in the phospholipid fatty acids chains to __ fluidity of the cell membranes

Back 50

more; increase

Front 51

carbohydrates and fats are excellent __ molecules

Back 51

energy storage

Front 52

proteins have __ levels of structure

Back 52

four

Front 53

a molecule of DNA or RNA is a polymer of __, but uracil which is a ___ is found only in __

Back 53

nucleotides; nucleotide; RNA

Front 54

the __ has the greatest influence on overall structure of amino acids

Back 54

R group

Front 55

In chapter 2, we discuss "bond strength" and electronegativity. The diagram here is an excellent example of both properties. First, this diagram represents a ____, it is composed of ____ and the structures are forced together by _____ and the structures share ____ with each other

Back 55

membrane; phospholipids; hydrophobic interactions with water; no bonds

Front 56

A "domain" is part of a ____ molecules and it identifies similar reaction sites (T/F) among different ____ molecules. For example, DNA binding sites, cation binding sites; and so forth

Back 56

protein; protein

Front 57

chaperone proteins are responsible for:

Back 57

the correct folding of other proteins

Front 58

the molecule "ATP" is an excellent example of what class of macromolecules and what is its major function?

Back 58

nucleotides; energy

Front 59

a mutation which alters a single amino acid in a protein can alter

Back 59

the primary, secondary, tertiary, and quarternary structure of the protein