Biology 101: First Quiz

Front 1

Alfred Wegener:
When?
Hypothesis?
Observation?

Back 1

-1912
-Hypothesized about continental drift
-observed on a modern map that the shapes of continents fit together like puzzle pieces

Front 2

Wegener's hypothesis

Back 2

a single protocontinent (Pangaea) broke up, and the parts drifted to their current positions through the process of continental drift

Front 3

Lystrosaurus

Back 3

-Triassic land reptile
-fossil evidence found in Antarctica, India, and Southern Africa

Front 4

Glossopteris

Back 4

-ancient fern
-found in all the southern continents (S. America, Africa, India, Antarctica, Australia)
-proves that they were once joined

Front 5

Mesosaurus

Back 5

fossil evidence found in S. America and Africa (southern)

Front 6

Cynognathus

Back 6

fossil evidence found in S. America and Africa (middle)

Front 7

Orogenesis

Back 7

Mountains form along leading edges of moving continents (<-> contraction theory)

Front 8

Wegener's ideas were rejected because:

Back 8

-contemporary geoscientists were caught in the idea that the earth was static, solid, immovable
-Wegener also could not find adequate explanation for the forces necessary to move continents

Front 9

Plate tectonics

Back 9

Continents sit on top of pieces of earth crust that constantly move towards and away from each other

Front 10

Theory of Dynamic Earth

1

Back 10

The earth's surface is covered by a series of crustal plates

Front 11

Theory of Dynamic Earth

2

Back 11

The ocean floors are continually moving, spreading from the center, sinking at the edges, and being regenerated

Front 12

Theory of Dynamic Earth

3

Back 12

Convection currents beneath the plates move the crustal plates in different directions

Front 13

Theory of Dynamic Earth

4

Back 13

The source of heat driving the convection currents is radioactivity deep in the earth's mantle

Front 14

The Scientific Method

Back 14

Starts with an observation, which is questioned. This leads to multiple hypotheses, which are tested and observed again, then modified. The modified hypotheses eventually become theories.