Biology 101 Ch.1

Front 1

What are the five characteristics that define life?

Back 1

1. Life is organized

2. Life requires energy

3. Life maintains internal consistency/ interact with the environment

4. Living things reproduce and develop

5. Life evolves and adapts to the environment

Front 2

How is life organized?

Back 2

Atoms, molecules, cells, tissues, organs, organ system, organism, population, community ecosystems, biosphere

Hint 2

11 levels

Front 3

*what is an atom?

Back 3

The smallest chemical unit of a type of pure substance

Hint 3

Carbon

Front 4

*What is a molecule?

Back 4

A group of joined atoms

Hint 4

DNA

Front 5

*What is a cell?

Back 5

The fundamental/ basic unit of life

Hint 5

Leaf cell

Front 6

*What are tissues?

Back 6

The group of cells with a common structure and function

Hint 6

Epidermis of a leaf

Front 7

*What is an Organ?

Back 7

A structure consisting of tissues organized to interact and carry out specific functions

Hint 7

Leaf

Front 8

*What is an organ system?

Back 8

Organs connected physically or chemically that function together

Hint 8

Above ground part of a plant

Front 9

*What is an organism?

Back 9

A single living individual

Hint 9

One acacia tree

Front 10

Define population

Back 10

Several organisms of the same kind (or species) in a particular area

Hint 10

multiple acacia trees

Front 11

Define community

Back 11

Interacting populations in the same region

Hint 11

All populations in a savanna

Front 12

Define ecosystem

Back 12

The community plus the environment

(The living and nonliving components of an area)

Hint 12

The savanna

Front 13

Define biosphere

Back 13

the parts of the planet inhabited by living things and its atmosphere

Hint 13

The global ecosystem

Front 14

How does life require energy?

Back 14

To maintain organization and carry out life activities

Front 15

Define energy

Back 15

The ability to do work

Front 16

Define metabolism

Back 16

1. energy to build new structures, repair old ones, and reproduce

2. Sum total of all chemical reactions that take place in your body

Hint 16

1.what it does 2. Definition

Front 17

Define photosynthesis

Back 17

A biochemical reaction that enables organisms to harness sunlight energy to manufacture organic molecules (sugars)

Hint 17

Flowers using sunlight to survive

Front 18

How does life evolve?

Back 18

By evolution and adaptation

Front 19

What are producers (autotrophs)?

Back 19

They make their own food by extracting energy and nutrients from the nonliving resources

Hint 19

Plants, microbes, and also bacteria

Front 20

Define natural selection

Back 20

A process in which individuals with certain inherited characteristics ( like adaptation) contribute more offspring to the next generation then do individuals lacking those characteristics.

Hint 20

Only the best will win

Front 21

Define genes

Back 21

Made up of chromosomes that contain your DNA

Front 22

What is DNA?

Back 22

At genetics material consisting of a double helix of nucleic acid

Made up of: Adenine, Cytosine, Guanine, and Thymine

Hint 22

Deoxyribonucleic acid

Front 23

What are decomposers?

Back 23

They are heterotrophs better tan energy and nutrients from waste or dead organisms

Hint 23

Fungi and some bacteria

Front 24

How does life reproduce itself grow or develop?

Back 24

By reproduction and genes

Front 25

What is homeostasis?

Back 25

The process by which a cell or organism maintains the state of internal consistency or equilibrium.

Front 26

What is evolution?

Back 26

A change of the genetic makeup with modification of a population over multiple generations

Front 27

What are consumers (heterotrophs)?

Back 27

Get their energy and nutrients like eating other organisms, living or dead

Hint 27

Humans

Front 28

How does life maintain internal consistency?

Back 28

Homeostasis

Front 29

What is adaptation?

Back 29

Traits that enhance an organism's ability to survive

Front 30

What is taxonomy?

Back 30

The biological science of naming and classifying organisms

Front 31

Define species

Back 31

A distinct type of organism

Front 32

What is cell theory?

Back 32

1.The ideas that all living things consists of cells

2. cells are the structural and functional units of life

3. all cells come from preexisting cells

Hint 32

3 thing

Front 33

What are the three domains for all species called?

Back 33

1. Bacterias

2. Archaea

3. Eukarya

Front 34

What is prokaryote?

Back 34

A cell that lacks a nucleus

Hint 34

Bacteria and Archea domains

Front 35

What is eukaryote?

Back 35

A cell that contains a nucleus

Hint 35

Only domain Eukarya

Front 36

What are the four kingdoms within Eukarya?

Back 36

1. Protista (amoeba)

2. Animalia (bee)

3. Fungi (mushroom)

4. Plante (tree)

Hint 36

With examples

Front 37

What is the scientific method?

Back 37

The general way of using evidence to answer questions and ideas.

Front 38

What are the steps of the scientific method?

Back 38

1. Observations

2. Ask critical questions

3. Develop the hypothesis

4. Perform controlled experiments

5. Interpret results and draw conclusions

Front 39

1. How do you make observations?

Back 39

Rely on what you see, hear, touch, taste, or smell, or they can be based on existing knowledge and experimental results.

Front 40

2. How do you ask critical questions?

Back 40

Trying to figure out how one observation correlates with another

Front 41

3. How do you develop a hypothesis?

Back 41

A hypothesis is a tentative explanation for one or more observations.

By testing it

Front 42

4. How do you perform controlled experiments?

Back 42

By collecting data or by carrying out an experiment, which is a way to test a hypothesis under controlled conditions.

Front 43

5. How do you interpret results and draw conclusions?

Back 43

By continuing to test the data , and deciding whether the evidence supports or falsifies the hypothesis.

Front 44

What is a theory?

Back 44

It is developed only when I have hypothesis that has been supported by consistent results from many observations/ experiments

Front 45

Define sample size.

Back 45

The number of individuals that he or she will study during an experiment

Front 46

Define independent variable.

Back 46

The variable that you arr manipilating; testing

Hint 46

The dose of experimental vaccine

Front 47

Define dependent variable.

Back 47

Outcome that is expected.

Affected by the independent variable

Hint 47

The number of children with the illness caused by a virus

Front 48

Define standardized variable.

Back 48

constant for all subjects in an experiment

Hint 48

The age of children in a study

Front 49

Define controls.

Back 49

An untreated group which is the basis of comparison

Front 50

Why do you need to control in your experiment?

Back 50

To show if the experiment actually made a difference or resulted in anything.