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76 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is Biology?
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Biology is the study of life
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What is Homestasis?
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Maintaining a stable level of internal conditions.
(temperature, water) |
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What is Reproduction?
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Involves the transmission of heredity info. from organisms to their offspring
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Sexual Reproduction
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Heredity information from teo parts of a single organism or two organisms of the same species is combined
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asexual reproduction
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heredity info. is not from two different organisms. Ex. Bacterium splits into 2
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Grow and Evolve
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Organisms over time grow bigger. And sometimes evolve into a different type of species but similar characteristics
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Autotrophs
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Make their own food
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Heterotrophs
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Get food fro other organisms by eating them.
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Organization
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Living things are organized and are maintained by a constant input of energy
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6 Characteristics of all living things
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Composed of cells, highly organized, use energy, maintain homeostasis, grow and evolve and reproduce
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What do Scientific Investigations generally begin with?
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They usually begin with observations.
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What is a hypothesis?
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A hypothesis is the statement that explains observations and that can be tested.
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What is the independent variable?
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The independent variable is the variable that never changes randomly.
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What is a microscope?
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A microscope is an insturment that produces an enlarged size of an image.
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What is magnification?
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magnification is the increase of an object's apparent size.
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What is a resolution?
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The power to show details
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Compound Light microscope
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Biologists use this tool often to see small organisms such as cells
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Transmission Electron Microscope
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Can magnify specimen up to 200,000 times. Live specimens cannot be viewed. transmits a beam of electrons through a very thinly sliced specimen.
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Scanning Electron Mocroscope
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Provides 3-D images. Specimen does not have to be sliced. Specimen is sprayed with a fine metal coating. can magnify up to 100,000 times. Beam of electrons go onto specimen and causes metal to emit a shower of electrons.
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What is an element?
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Substances that cannot be broken down by chemical means into simpler substances.
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What is an atom?
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omposed of protons, neutrons and electrons. Protons and neutrons compose the nucleus of an atom. Electrons travel around the nucleus of a cell.
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what is a compound?
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A compound is composed of the atoms o two elements that are joined by chemical bonds in a fixed proportion.
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What is a valance electron?
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The elctrons in the outermost energy level of an atom.
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What is a covalent bond?
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A covalent bond is formed when two atoms share electrons.
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What is a molecule
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A molecule consisits of two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds.
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What is energy?
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Energy is defined as the ability to d work or cause change
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What do you call when chemical reactions involove a net absorbion of energy?
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This is a endergonic reaction.
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What is an exergonic reaction?
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chemical reactions that involove a net release of energy.
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What is the amount of energy required for a chemcal reaction to bein called?
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This is clled activation energy.
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What are catylsts?
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Catylysts lower the lower the amount of activation energy necesary for the reaction to begin.
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What is a redox reaction?
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A redox reacion is also called a reduction-oxidation reaction. And it is when in a chemical reaction electrons are exchanged between atoms.
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Whatis product?
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Aproduct is a compound formed by a chemical reaction.
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What is an oxdation reaction?
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A reactant loses one or more electrons, thus bcoming more positive in charge.
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What do you callhe energy in a system thais avaliable for work?
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Free energy
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What is a solution?
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solution cosists of a solute dissolved ina solven. WHich is usually water.
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OH- ion(describe)
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Hydroxide ion
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H3O+ io
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Hydronium ion
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Saturated solution
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A solution which no more solute can dissolve
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Wha is dissociation?
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seperating of a molecule into simpler molecules, atoms, readicals or ions.
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Is water a polar molecule?
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yes
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What is a polar molcule?
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A polar molecule is when electrons areunevely shared bwteen the hydrogen and oxygen atoms.
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What does polarity of water do?
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The polarity of water makes it effective in dissolving other substces to toher form solutions.
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What is hydrogen bonding?
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it is responsible for the cohesion and capllarity of water that water molecules display.
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What is the type of attrtion that holds water molecules together?
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Hydrogen bonding
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What is the attraction of like molecules to each other?
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It is called cohesion.
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What is capillarity?
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Capilarity is the reacion of a liquid surface with a solid. Capilarity allows water tocreep up the interior of a narrow vessel
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What does water have to do for its temperature to change?
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It must gain or lose a relatively large amount of energy.
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Does the solid form of water have more or less density than its liquid form?
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Less.
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WHat does an organic compound contain?
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An orangic compound contains carbon that is covalently bonded both to other carbon atoms and often to atoms of other elements, includng oxygen, hydrogen and oxygen.
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What is monomer? What do they do?
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Simple molecules. Bond to one another to for complex molecules called polymers.
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What do monomers do in an condensation reaction?
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Monomers are joined to form polymers in an condensation reaction.
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What happens to polymers during hydrolysis?
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Polymers are broken down into monomers.
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What is dehydration synthesis?
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Dehydration synthesis is another name for condenstaion, it is when one molecule of water is produced.
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What type of compund is alcohol?
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Alcohol is an organic compond
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What does alcohol contain? (in terms of atoms)
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Alcohol conatins a hydroxyl group, OH- attached to one of its carbon atoms
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If alcohol is in the hydroxl group is it polar or non polar?
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Alcohol is polar
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If alcohol is polar will it be able to make hydrogen bonds?
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Yes, since it has similar properties as water.
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If alcohol is polar will it be able to make hydrogen bonds?
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Yes, since it has similar properties as water.
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If alcohol is polar will it be able to make hydrogen bonds?
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Yes, since it has similar properties as water.
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If alcohol is polar will it be able to make hydrogen bonds?
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Yes, since it has similar properties as water.
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What is ATP?
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ATP is adensonine triphosphate. And is the energy for the cell.
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What is ATP?
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ATP is adensonine triphosphate. And is the energy for the cell.
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What is a functional group?
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A functional group is a structural building block that determines the characteristics of a chemical compound.
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What is ATP?
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ATP is adensonine triphosphate. And is the energy for the cell.
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Name the 6 functional groups.
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hydroxyl(-OH), carbonyl(C=O), carboxyl(//OH), ammino(H/N\H), sulfhydrl(-SH) and phospahte O-P-OH
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What is hydrolysis?
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hydrolysis is the splitting of the molecule through the reaction with water.
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What is a functional group?
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A functional group is a structural building block that determines the characteristics of a chemical compound.
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Name the 6 functional groups.
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hydroxyl(-OH), carbonyl(C=O), carboxyl(//OH), ammino(H/N\H), sulfhydrl(-SH) and phospahte O-P-OH
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What is ATP?
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ATP is adensonine triphosphate. And is the energy for the cell.
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What is a functional group?
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A functional group is a structural building block that determines the characteristics of a chemical compound.
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What is hydrolysis?
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hydrolysis is the splitting of the molecule through the reaction with water.
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Name the 6 functional groups.
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hydroxyl(-OH), carbonyl(C=O), carboxyl(//OH), ammino(H/N\H), sulfhydrl(-SH) and phospahte O-P-OH
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What is a functional group?
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A functional group is a structural building block that determines the characteristics of a chemical compound.
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What is hydrolysis?
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hydrolysis is the splitting of the molecule through the reaction with water.
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Name the 6 functional groups.
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hydroxyl(-OH), carbonyl(C=O), carboxyl(//OH), ammino(H/N\H), sulfhydrl(-SH) and phospahte O-P-OH
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What is hydrolysis?
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hydrolysis is the splitting of the molecule through the reaction with water.
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