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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Genes |
Units of heredity that maintain their structural identity from one generation to another. A portion of a chromosome. |
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Deoxyribonucleic acid |
DNA. |
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Ribonucleic acid |
RNA A single strand chemical; one type of RNA molecule serves as a template for the synthesis of protein molecules. |
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Enzymes |
Biological catalysts that regulate chemical reactions in the body. |
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Homozygous |
Identical pair of genes on the two chromosomes |
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Heterozygous |
Unmatched pair of genes on the two chromosomes |
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Crossing over |
A pair of chromosomes may break apart during reproduction and reconnect such that part of one chromosome attaches to the other part of the second chromosome. |
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Sex- linked genes |
Genes located on the sex chromosomes |
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Autosomal genes |
Genes located on any other chromosome besides sex- linked chromosomes. |
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Physiological Explanation |
Relates a behaviour to the activity of the brain and other organs. - understanding the body mechanisms that produce the behaviour. |
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Ontogenetic explanation |
Describes the development of a structure or behaviour. - how it develops within the individual. - how genes, nutrition, experiences, and interactions influence/mold behaviour. |
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Evolutionary explanation |
Reconstructs the evolutionary history of a structure or behaviour. - how it evolved - ancestors did it and it was useful but maybe it isn't now. - example: goosebumps when frightened to make hair erect to look bigger. |
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Functional explanation |
Describes why a structure or behaviour evolved as it did. - what function it serves - genetic drift |
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Dualism |
The belief that mind and body are different kinds of substance -- mental and physical -- that exists independently. |
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Monism |
The belief that the universe consists of only one kind of substance. |
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Materialism |
The view that everything that exists is material or physical. - mental events don't exist at all - psychological experiences can be explained in purely physical terms - a monism category |
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Recombination |
A new combination of genes, some from one parent and some from the other, that yields characteristics not found in either parent. |
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Mutation |
Change in a single gene |
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Multiplier effect |
If genetic or prenatal influences produce even a small increase in some activity, the early tendency will change the environment in a way that magnifies that tendency. |
