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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Central Nervous System
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The brain and spinal cord
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Peripheral Nervous System
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Transmits information to and from the central nervous system
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Autonomic Nervous System
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Automatically regulates glands, internal organs and blood vessels, pupil dilation, digestion, and blood pressure.
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Somatic Nervous System
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Carries sensory information and controls movement of the skeletal muscles.
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Parasympathetic Division
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Division of Autonomic nervous system. Maintains body functions under ordinary conditions; saves energy.
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Sympathetic Division
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Division of Autonomic nervous system. Prepares the body to react and expend energy in times of stress.
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Neuron
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The basic cell that makes up the nervous system and that receives and sends messages within that system.
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Dendrites
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The branchlike structures that receive messages from other neurons.
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Soma
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The cell body of the neuron responsible for maintaining the life of the cell.
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Axon
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The tubelike part of the neuron that carries the neural message to other cells.
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Glial Cells
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Grey fatty cells that provide support for the neurons to grow on and around, deliver nutrients to neurons, produce myelin to coat axons, and clean up waste products and dead neurons.
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Myelin
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Fatty substances produced by certain glial cells that coat the axons of neurons to insulate, protect, and speed up the neural impulse.
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Nerves
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Bundles of axons coated in myelin that travel together through the body.
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Resting Potential
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The slightly negative state of the neuron when not firing a neural impulse.
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Action Potential
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The release of the neural impulse consisting of a reversal of the electrical charge within the axon.
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