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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Monomer of carbohydrate? |
Monosaccharide. |
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Molecular formula of carbohydrate? |
[ Cx (H20)y ] |
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Difference between a-glucose and B-glucose? |
a-glucose - H on top B-glucose - H at the bottom |
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Bond between two monosaccharides? |
Glycocidic bond. |
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Reaction where the glycocidic bond is formed and a lost of water molecule occured? |
Condensation reaction. |
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Reaction where the glycocidic bond is broken down and an addition of water molecule occured? |
Hydrolisis reaction. |
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Formation of maltose? |
Two a-glucose molecules. |
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Formation of sucrose? |
One a-glucose molecule + Fructose molecule. |
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Formation of lactose? |
One B-glucose molecule + Galactose molecule |
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Solubility of polysaccharides? Why? |
Insoluble, because this suits them for energy storage & to form strong structures. |
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Monomer of starch? |
a-glucose |
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Bonds linking monomers of starch? |
[Amylose] 1,4 glycosidic bond [Amylopectin] 1,4 and 1,6 glycosidic bond |
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Nature of starch chains? |
[Amylose] Coiled unbranched [Amylopectin] Long branched and some coiling |
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Occurence of starch? |
Plants |
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Function of starch in plants? |
Carbohydrate energy store |
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Monomer of glycogen? |
a-glucose |
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Bonds linking monomers of glycogen? |
1,4 and 1,6 glycosidic bond |
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Nature of glycogen chains? |
Short, but many branched chains, some coiling. |
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Occurence of glycogen? |
Animals and fungi |
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Function of gylcogen? |
Carbohydrate energy store. |
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Monomer of cellulose? |
B-glucose |
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Bonds linking monomers of cellulose? |
1,4 glycosidic bond |
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Nature of cellulose chains? |
Straight, long unbranched chains form H-bonds, with adjacent chains. |
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Occurence of cellulose? |
Plants |
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Function of cellulose? |
Structural ... |
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Characteristics of lipids? |
• Contain C, H and O • Higher portion of H atoms than in carbohydrates • Insoluble in water • Soluble in alcohol and acetone |
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Structure of triglyceride? |
1 glycerol 3 fatty acids |
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Bonds between the glycerol and fatty acids? |
Ester bonds |
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Explain saturated fatty acids. |
Consists of C and H atoms, where each C atom has four bonds. Two bonds are attched to other C atoms and two other to H atoms. |
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Explain unsaturated fatty acids. |
Also consists of C and H atoms, but they only have one H atom attached, leaving the C atom with an extra bond which attaches to the next door carbon atom (with also one less hydrogren bonded to it) forming a double bond. |
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Structure of a phospholipid molecule? |
1 glycerol 2 fatty acids 1 phosphate group / phosphoric acid |
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Explain the structure of an amino acid. |
With an amine group (NH2) and a carboxyl group (COOH) attached to the central carbon atom (C) |
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Bond between 2 amino acids? |
Peptide bond |
