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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Aldehyde |
Functional group |
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Glycogen |
A Polysaccharide of glucose that serves as a form of energy |
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Polymer |
Starch, Glycogen and Celluose (carbohydrate); triglycerides and phospolipids |
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Amino |
Subunits of amino acids |
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Hydrolysis |
Breaks biological macro-molecules apart and consumes a molecule of H2O in the process |
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Polypeptide |
Long chain of amino acids; A protein |
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Amino Acid |
Organic compounds composed or amine and carboxylic acid functional groups that are the foundation for protein synthesis |
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Hydroxyl |
Functional group |
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Polysaccharide |
Polymeric carbohydrate molecules composed of long chains of mono-saccharides bound by glycosidic links |
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Carbohydrate |
Energy source, energy storage, and structure |
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Ketone |
Functional group |
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Protein |
Macromolecules consisting of one or more chains of amino acid residues |
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Carbonyl |
Functional group |
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Lipid |
Naturally occurring molecules such as fats, waxes, sterols and gycerol |
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Purine |
A double ring nitrogenous base (Adenine, Guanine) |
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Carboxyl |
Functional group |
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Methyl |
Functional group |
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Pyrimidine |
A single ring nitrogenous base (Cytosine, Thymine, & Uracil) |
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Cellulose |
A carbohydrate found in plant cell walls |
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Monomer |
One molecule that can bind to another and form a polymer |
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RNA |
A single strand of ribose that holds the code for making proteins |
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Conformation |
Any of the spatial arrangements that the atoms in a molecule may adopt and freely convert between |
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Monosaccharide |
Simple sugar |
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Saturated |
Containing the greatest number of hydrogen atoms and having no C-C double or triple bonds |
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Condensation |
The change of water from its gaseous form into liquid water |
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Nucleic Acid |
Roles: Cellular energy currency (ATP), info storage, info transfer, electron carriers |
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Starch |
A Polysaccharide Carbohydrate consisting of a lot of glucose units; produced by most green plants as energy store |
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Denaturation |
A process in which proteins or nucleic acids lose their structure due to a strong acid or base |
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Nucleotide |
Building blocks of nucleic acids: Composed of a 5-carbon sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) and at least one phosphate group |
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Steroids |
A carbon structure |
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Disaccharide |
A sugar composed of two monosaccharides (lactose, sucrose) |
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Peptide bond |
Joins two adjacent amino acids in a protein (covalent bond) |
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Sulfhydryl |
Functional group |
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DNA |
A double stranded of Deoxyribose that is the code for everything |
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Phosphate |
An inorganic salt of phosphoric acid |
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Triglyceride |
A blood lipid derived from fatty acids that helps enable the bidirectional transference of adipose fat and blood glucose from the liver |
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Fatty acid |
Building blocks of fat; are absorbed into the blood; form a triglyceride |
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Phospholipid |
The fundamental building blocks of cellular membranes; consist of a polar or charged head group and a pair of non-polar fatty acid tails |
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Unsaturated |
Having a double or triple bond capable of taking on elements by direct chemical combination w |
