Biological Diversity

Front 1

Abiotic

Back 1

Non-Living

Front 2

Artificial Selection

Back 2

Humans breed plants and animals with desirable traits to produce offspring with those desirable traits

Front 3

Asexual Reproduction

Back 3

Reproduction of offspring without the use of sex cells.

Front 4

Allele

Back 4

A possible form of a gene.

Front 5

Artificial Insemination

Back 5

Artificial collection and injection of sperm from a male into a female; used in livestock breeding.

Front 6

Biotic

Back 6

Living

Front 7

Binary Fission

Back 7

A type of asexual reproduction in amoebas and other organisms in which a parent cell divides exactly into two identical cells.

Front 8

Biological Diversity

Back 8

The variety of species and ecosystems on earth. The 3 main diversity groups are; ecosystem diversity, community diversity, and genetic diversity.

Front 9

Biotechnology

Back 9

The use of living things to make agricultural, industrial, or medicinal products.

Front 10

Budding

Back 10

A type of asexual reproduction in which a new organism develops from an outgrowth, or bud, on the parent.

Front 11

Commensalism

Back 11

The relationship between species in which one species benefits, and the other species neither benefits nor is harmed.

Front 12

Continuous Traits

Back 12

Variation of traits/ characteristics such as body weight or height that are distributed on a continuum throughout a species, rather than grouped with discrete categories.

Front 13

Cuttings, runners, tubers, bulbs, suckers

Back 13

Cuttings- Reproduction by putting the cut end of a shoot into water or a moist earth and roots will grow.

Runners- Horizontal stems grow from a parent plant that grow above ground. Buds touch the ground they root and reproduce.

Tubers- Underground stem that's bearing buds where new plants grow.

Bulbs- Swollen leaves stored with food. A terminal bud produces and new plants will grow.

Suckers- A part of the plant that grows from the root or lower stem to grow a new plant.

Front 14

Cleavage

Back 14

The first divisions of a fertilized egg.

Front 15

Chromosome

Back 15

A structure in which DNA is arranged and along which genes are located.

Front 16

Community

Back 16

A group of populations of different species living in the same area.

Front 17

Cross-Fertilization

Back 17

The joining of a gamete from a pollen grain and a gamete from an ovule to form a zygote.

Front 18

Cloning

Back 18

Process of creating a clone.

Front 19

Consumer

Back 19

An organism that feeds off of other organisms

Front 20

Decomposer

Back 20

An organism, especially a soil bacterium, fungus, or invertebrate, that decomposes organic material.

Front 21

Discrete Traits

Back 21

A discrete trait is a trait which doesn't have a range of phenotypes. For example; tongue rolling is a discrete trait. Some people can do it, some can't.

Front 22

DNA

Back 22

Deoxyribonucleic acid, genetic material found mainly in the nuceli of cells of living things.

Front 23

Dominant Trait

Back 23

The outward form observed when two opposite- acting alleles are inherited. EX; long leg length in fruit flies; an offspring with one short-leg allele and one long-leg allele will grow long legs; the short leg allele is recessive because it has no influence if a dominant, long-leg allele is present.

Front 24

Extirpation

Back 24

Extinction of an organism from a specific region.

Front 25

Ex-situ Conservation

Back 25

The maintenance of organisms outside of their ecosystems or natural habitats; an endangered species maintained in a zoo is an example.

Front 26

Embryo

Back 26

An undeveloped organism in its beginning stages.

Front 27

Endangered

Back 27

A species at risk of extinction.

Front 28

Ecosystem

Back 28

A particular environment where living things interact with other living things and non-living things.

Front 29

Extinction

Back 29

No longer in existence on the planet.

Front 30

Fertilization

Back 30

The union of a female sex cell and a male sex cell.

Front 31

Gametes (eggs cells, sperm cells)

Back 31

A sex cell, either female or male, that can unite with another to form a fertilized cell (zygote) that can develop into a new individual

Front 32

Gene

Back 32

A segment of DNA located at one particular place on a chromosome, which determines a specific characteristic of an organism.

Front 33

Genetic Engineering

Back 33

The intentional altering of DNA of an organism or a population of organisms.

Front 34

Heritable characteristics

Back 34

Characteristics that are transmitted from generation to generation such as eye colour

Front 35

Habitat Destruction

Back 35

The process in which natural habitat is rendered unable to support the species present. In this process, the organisms that previously used the site are displaced or destroyed, reducing biodiversity.

Front 36

Hybrid

Back 36

An organism produced by crossing two individuals purebred for different forms of a trait

Front 37

Interspecies Competition

Back 37

Two or more species using the same limited resource

Front 38

In-vitro Fertilization

Back 38

A specialized technique by which an ovum, especially a human one, is fertilized by sperm outside the body, with the resulting embryo later implanted in the uterus for gestation.

Front 39

Interspecies

Back 39

Existing or occurring between species

Front 40

Incomplete Dominance

Back 40

The appearance in a heterzygote of a trait that is intermediate between either of the trait's homozygous phenotypes

Front 41

Invasive Species

Back 41

A species of plant, fungus or animal that was not originally in that area and can cause damage to the environment, human economy or human health.

Front 42

Intraspecies

Back 42

Arising or occurring within a species.

Front 43

In-situ Conservation

Back 43

Maintaining wild plants and animals in their functioning ecosystems.

Front 44

Mitosis

Back 44

A type of cell that will produce two twin daughter cells from one parent cell.

Front 45

Mutualism

Back 45

The relationship between two species in which both species will benefit.

Front 46

Meiosis

Back 46

The cell division that will produce 4 sex cells from one parent cell, and each cell will contain/have the genetic material of the original parent cell

Front 47

Niche

Back 47

The job of an individual organism or species in an ecosystem. This includes; habitat, food, reproduction, and interaction with other living and non-living things.

Front 48

Natural Selection

Back 48

A natural process in which the environment 'selects' which individuals will survive and reproduce depending on their traits.

Front 49

Non-Heritable Characteristics

Back 49

Characteristics caused by the environment, like tanned skin is caused by the UV rays from the sun.

Front 50

Overspecialization

Back 50

Species that has adaptions for certain environmental conditions which makes them vulnerable to extinction if the climate/ environment/ habitat changes.

Front 51

Population

Back 51

A group of organisms of the same species that are living in the same area.

Front 52

Pollination

Back 52

Process in which pollen is taken to the female reproduction organ of the plant, which starts fertilization.

Front 53

Purebred

Back 53

In this case, a plant or animal that was bred to consist of certain cells to create a new species.

Front 54

Producer

Back 54

Creates their own food using sun or water, and converts it into sugar or other components. Mostly seen in plants.

Front 55

Predator- Prey

Back 55

Predators are organisms.

Prey is the organism the predator eats.

Front 56

Pollen

Back 56

Yellow powder that comes from flowers, consisting of grains that contain male sex cells.

Front 57

Parasitism

Back 57

A relationship between species in which one species benefits and the other is harmed.

Front 58

Recessive Trait

Back 58

The outward form observed only when two same-acting, non-dominant alleles are inherited.

Front 59

Resource Partitioning

Back 59

When a resource is divided among two or more species co-existing in an niche/ecosystem.

Front 60

Spores (Production)

Back 60

Cells that are produced by asexual reproduction in certain organisms such as ferns, that can develop directly into an adult.

Front 61

Species

Back 61

Living organisms of the same kind that reproduce to create the same kind of organism

Front 62

Symbiosis

Back 62

A relationship between two different species.

Front 63

Sexual Reproduction

Back 63

The reproduction that involves the exchange of genetic material between two individuals which results in offspring that are genetically different.

Front 64

Traits

Back 64

A characteristic of an organism.

Front 65

Variation

Back 65

1) change or difference in condition, amount, or levels.

2) a different or distant form or version of something

Front 66

Vegetative Reproduction

Back 66

The type of asexual reproduction in plants that doesn't involve the formation of a seed.

Front 67

Zygote

Back 67

A fertilized egg.