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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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gamete
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a sex cell--a sperm in the male parent and an egg in the female parent.
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organ
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a group of different tissues that work togethr to carry out a particular function; the stomach is an example.
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aerobic respiration
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cellular respiration that uses oxygen, sequentially releasing energy and storing it in ATP.
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tissues
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in multicellular organisms, a specialized group of cells with the same basic structure that perform the same function.
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polysaccharide
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the most complex carbohydrate-such as cellulose,glycogen, or starch-which is formed by long chains of monosaccharides.
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ATP
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adenosine triphosphate; energy carrying molecule, which, when hydrolyzed to ADP and ingorganic phosphate, releases free energy.
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eukaryote
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cell containing a nuclear membrane and a membrane-bound nucleus: includes the vast majority of living organsims (for example, plants, animals, protists, and fungi).
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acid
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solution with a higher concentration of hydrogen ions than hydroxide ions; solutions with a pH below 7.
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enzyme
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reusable protein that lowers the required activation energy and allows reactions to happen at the normal temperatures of cells.
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endergonic
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chemical reaction requiring free energy in addition to enzymes and activation energy.
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symbiosis
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living together of two dissimilar organisms for their mutual benefit.
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base
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solution with a higher concentration of hydroxide ions than hydrogen ions; solutions wiht a pH above 7.
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anaerobic
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processes that occu in the absence of oxygen (for example, lactic acid fermentation and alcoholic fermentation).
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carbohydrate
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organic compound containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen; provides sources of energy for life processes.
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amino acid
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simple compound that is the building block of proteins.
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prokaryote
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cell that lacks a membrane-bound nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. Bacteria are examples.
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polypeptide
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many amino acids bonded together.
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activation energy
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minimum amount of energy needed to initiate a chemical reaction.
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coenzyme
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nonprotein, reusable helper molecule that helps enzymes activate chemical reactions.
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exergonic
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chemical reaction that releases free energy.
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