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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Atom |
The smallest basic unit of matterelement |
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Element |
One particular type of atom and cannot be broken down into a simpler substance c |
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Compound |
A substance made of atoms of different elements bonded together in a certain ratio |
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Ion |
An atom that has gained or lost one or more electrons |
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Ionic bond |
Forms through the electrical force between oppositely charged ions |
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Covalent bond |
Forms when atoms share electrons |
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Molecule |
Two or more atoms being held together by covalent bonds |
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An attraction between a slightly positive hydrogen atom and a slightly negative atom |
Hydrogen bond |
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The attraction among molecules of substance |
Cohesion |
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Attraction among molecules of a different substance |
Adhesion |
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A mixture of substances that stays the same(homogenous mixture) |
Solution |
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Substance that is present in the greater amount and that dissolves in a solvent |
Solvent |
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Substance that dissolves in a solvent |
Solute |
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Compound that releases a proton when in water |
Acid |
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Compounds that remove H plus ions from a solution |
Base |
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Acidity |
PH |
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Each subunit in the complete molecule |
Monomer |
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Large molecule made of many monomers together |
Polymer |
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Molecules composed of carbon hydrogen and oxygen(contains sugars and starches) |
Carbohydrate |
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Nonpolar molecules like fats oils etc |
Lipid |
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Chains of carbon atoms bonded to hydrogen |
Fatty acid |
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A polymer made of monomers |
Protein |
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Molecules that contain carbon hydrogen oxygen nitrogen and sulfur sometimes |
Amino acids |
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Polymers that are made of nucleotides |
Nucleic acids |
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Change substances into different substances by breaking and forming chemical bonds |
Chemical reaction |
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Substances changed during a reaction |
Reactant |
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Substances made by a reaction |
Product |
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Amount of energy that will break a bond between two atoms |
Bond energy |
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When product concentrations stay the same |
Equilibrium |
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The minimum quantity of energy which the reacting species must possess in order to undergo a specific reaction |
Activation energy |
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A reaction accompanied by the release of heat |
Exothermic |
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A reaction accompanied by requiring heat |
Endothermic |
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A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without itself going through permanent change |
Catalyst |
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Substance produced by a living organism which acts as a catalyst |
Enzyme |
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An underlying substance or layer |
Substrate |
