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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Of the Enzymes listed below, which one breaks a carbon-carbon bond in the Embden-Myerhof pathway?
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Aldolase
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a. Isomerase
b. Dehydrogenase c. Aldolase d. Esterase |
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Enzyme that eletronically rearranges bonds within a molecule and thereby generates new functional groups
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Isomerase
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a. Isomerase
b. Transferase c. Phosphatase d. Kinase |
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To determine which of two different substances the worst bacterial nutrient is, one would most likely
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Compare growth curves in presence of each substance
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a. Compare energy required for oxydation
b. Assay carbond dioxide release c. Add both substances to a culture and watch color d. Compare growth curves in presence of each substance |
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Which one ot the following determinations is the most accurate determination of bacterial growth?
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Log f the number of viable bacteria over time
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a. Increase in size of a bacterium
b. Log of the number of viable bacteria over time c. Dnsity of bacterial cls in suspension d. the rate of death of bacteria |
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During the stationary phase of bacterial growth
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The number of dividing and dying bacterial may be equal
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a. The number of living bacteria doubles
b. bacteria divide every 10 minutes c. Nutrients are increasing d. The number od dividing and dying bacteria may equal |
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During the Lag phase of bacterial growth, bacterial cell mass and volume
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Increase
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a. Increase
b. Cell division is rapid, but constant c. Decrease d. The rate of cell death equals that of new cells appearing |
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When the number of viable bacterial cell increases 2-fold per unit time, the time is known as
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The generation Time
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a. The stationary Time
b. The Lag Time c. The generation Time d. The logarithmic time |
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Enzymes are catalysts because they:
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Optimally orient reactants
Lower energy of activation Bring reactants closer together |
a. Optimally orient reactants
b. lower energy of activation c. Bring ractant closer together d. a b and c are all correct |
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The Phosphotranserase system of E. Coli is how this organism generates this substance in the cytoplasm
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Glucose-6-PO4
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a. Glucose-6-PO4
b. Passive diffusion c. Active transport d. Glucose |
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In peptidoglycan the carbozyl group of a lactic acid moiety is covaletly bound to
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L-alanine
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a. D-alanine
b. N-acetylmuramic acid c. L-Alanine d. D-glutamic acid |
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Transpeptidase forms a peptide bond wiht an opposing strand's carboxyl group of
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A terminal D-alanine
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a. A terminal L-alanine
b. L-lysine c. A terminal D-alanine d. Diaminopimelic acid |
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Which pair of substances would not provide at least one substances would not provide at least one substance necessary for the following reaction
Pyruvate <-->Acetyl-CoA + CO2 |
NAD+ and coenzyme A
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a. NADH + H+ and coenzyme A
b. NAD+ abd PO4 c. NADH+ H+ and ATP d. NAD and coenzyme A |
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Fatty acid covalently attached to tehis substance in Gram-positve bacterial plasma membrane
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Glyerol
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a. Amino acids
b. Glycerol c. N-acetylglucosamine and Nacetylmuramic acid d. Lipid A |
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A multi-subunit enzyme always exhibits
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non-covalentinteracting subunits
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a. non-covalently interacting subunits
b. ionic bonding c. High energy d. Disulfide bonding |
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Disruption of the bacterial plasma membrane could affect
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Electron transport
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a. nucleotide structure
b. Hopanoid catalytic activity c. Electron Transport d. Mitochondrial ATP synthesis |
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If L-lysine is present within a peptidoglycan, the following amino acid is not present:
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Diaminopimelic acid
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a. L-alanine
b. D-glutamic acid c. D-alanine d. Diaminopimelic acid |
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Cytochrome proteins are an integral part of the bacterial?
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Plasma membrane
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a. Outer membrane
b. Plasma membrane c. mitochondrion d. peptiodoglycan |
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Electron and energy-yielding process and teh final electron acceptor is nitrate (NO3-) ion
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Anaerobi respiration
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a. Fermentation
b. Anaerobic respiration c. Aerovic respiration d. Respiration |
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A nucleoside is composed of:
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A purine or pyrimidine base with a sugar covalently attached
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a. A purine or pyrimidine base with a sugar and phosphate group(s) covalently attached
b. A purine or pyrimidine base with a phosphatate group covalently attached c. A purine or pyrimidine base with a sugar covalently atached d. a purine or pyrimidine base with NAD+ covalently attached |
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For bacteria the number 70s subuint refers to?
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the catalytically active ribosome
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a. mammalian ribosome
b. ribosomal RNA c. the large ribosomal subunit d. the catalytically active ribosome |
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The Transport of a substance against a concentration gradient across the plasma membrane
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Active transport
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a. Group translocation
b. Passive diffusion c. Active diffusion d. Active transport |
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For a hypothetical coupled two reaction (two-step) pathway (A-->B, then, B-->C) if the first reaction (A-->B) yields a delta G of +5 Kcal and the second reactoin in line (B-->C) yields a delta G of -4 kcal
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Pathway works right to left C-->B B-->A
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a. The pathway willnot function in either direction
b. pathway works left to right A-->B, B-->C c. Pathway works right to left C-->B B-->A d. delta G of reaction 1 must equal to reaction 2 |
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Small molecule diffusion across teh outer membrane of Gram negative bacteria depends upon?
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Porins
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a. The outer membrane
b. Active transport c. Porins d. The absence of peptidoglycan |
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An Electron and energy-yielding process with the final electron acceptor being pyruvic acid
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Fermentation
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a. Anaerobic respiration
b. Respiration c. Aerobic Respiration d. Fermentation |
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In the coupled reaction between these two 1/2 reactions what is the value of the overall reduciton potential?
A + H+ + e- --> AH E= +.40 B + H+ + e- --> BH E= +.48 |
+.08 volts
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a. +.08
b. -.88 c. +.10 d. +.88 |
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In the coupled, one electron transfer between these two 1/2 reactions which substance donates electron
A + H+ + e- --> AH E=+.46 B + H+ + e- --> BH E=-.46 |
AH
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a. BH
b. B c. AH d. A |
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On the substances in the equation which one would be more likely to reduce NAD+ to NADH + H+
NAD+ + H+ + e- --> NADH + H+ E= -.32 A + H+ + e- --> AH E=+.46 B + H+ + e- --> BH E=-.46 |
BH
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a. A
b. B c. BH d. AH |
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Of the below reaction which would be the final electron acceptor in a fermentation
A + H+ + e- --> AH E=+.46 B + H+ + e- --> BH E=-.46 |
BH
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a. A
b. B c. BH d. AH |
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If a bacterium could catabolize ATP to ADP + P viat ATP synthase, what result may occure?
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Producion of a prton motive force
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a. Reversal of electron flow in the outer membrane
b. inhibition of O2 production c. Transport of electrons out of the cell via a uniportertransport protein d. Production of a proton motive force |
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How is the Proton Motie Force established during electron transport and anarobic respiration
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H+ vectored outsied the cell via the electron transport system porteins
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a. H+ vectored inside the cell via ATP synthase
b. H+ vectored inside the cell via the electron transport system proteins c. H+ vectored outside the ell via cytochrome a3 oxydase d. H+vectored outside the cell via the electron transport system proteins |
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The conversion of nitrogen gas to ammonia is known as
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nitrogen fixation
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a. nitrificaiton
b. denitricication c. nitrogen fixation d. nitrogen cycle |
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The outer membrane of gram neg bacteria has two leaflets inner and outer which arespectively are
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Inner phospholipid outer LPS
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a. Inner=phospholipid outer LPS
b. Inner=phospholipid outer = phospholipid c. inner=LPS outer = phospholipid d. inner LPS outer LPS |
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An endospore's core may be filled with
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Dipicolinic acid
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a. cytoplasm
b. water c. diffrent amino acids d. dipicolinic acid |
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the alpha helix and beta pleated sheet structures are examples of protein
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secondary structure
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a. secondary structure
b. Primary structure c. tertiary structure d. quaternary structure |
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The enzyme that reduces nitrogen gas to ammonia
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Nitrogenase
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a. nitrate reductase
b. nitrogenase c. nitrate reductase d. ammonia oxidase |
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What generic enzyme could theroetically perform the following reaction
Glucose-6-p <---> glycrealdehyde-3-P + pyruvate |
Aldolase
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a. transferase
b. kinase c. enolase d. aldolase |
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The enzyme the reduces nitrogen gas to ammonia
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Nitrogenase
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a. nitrite reductase
b. nitrogenase c. nitrate reductase d. ammonium oxidase |
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The enzyme, triose isomerase, converts the following substance into glyceraldehyde-3-P
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Dihydroxyacetone-P
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a. pyruvate
b. 2-phosphoglyceric acid c. dihydroxyacetone-P d. 3-phosdphoglyceric acid |
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Of the ten steps in the Embden-myerhof pathway how many involve an oxidation/reduction reaction
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1
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a. 9
b. 10 c. 1 d. 2 |
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Of the ten steps in the embden-myerhof pathway how many involve a kinase reaction
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4
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a. 1
d. 4 c. 2 d. 6 |
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Substate-level phosphorylation involves?
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conversion of ADP + P to ATP by any means other than oxidative phosphoralation
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a. converion of ADP +P to ATP by oxidative phosphorylation
b. conversion of NAD+ to NADH+H+ in the kreb's cycle c. conversion of 2ATP to 2ADP +2Pby any means other than oxidative phosphorylation d. Conversion of ADP + P to ATP by any means other than oxidative phosphorylation |
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Which enzyme co-factor is re-generated during lactive acid formation in glycolysis?
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NAD+
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a. FAD
b. ATP c. NAD+ d. NADH+H+ |
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How many moles of CO2 per mole of glucose are relased in teh kreb's cycle only?
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4
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a. 1
b. 2 c. 3 d. 4 |
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A two-electron transfer wtih an overall deltaE = -.316v could hypothetically lead to this number of high-energy phosphate bonds
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0.0
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a. 0.0
b. 1.00 c. 2.00 d. 3.00 |
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Members of bacterial populations chemically communicate via a system known as
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None of the above
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a. chemotaxis
b. luminescence c. cell division d. none of the above |
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Chemotaxis by bacteria does not involve?
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Recodnition of concentratio ndifference alont the length of cell
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a. chemical signals
b. flagellar movement c. recogntion of concentration differences alond lenth of the cell d. reandom walk |
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Which item listed could increase the proton motive force in bacteria
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A higher pH within the cytoplasm, relative to the outside of the cell
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a. a hydrogen ion concentration decrease external to the plasma memebrane
b. a higher pH within the cytoplasm, relative to the outside of the cell c. an increase in antiporter of symporter activity d. a hydrogen ion concentration increase external to the mitochondrial inner membrane |
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The most abundant protein within the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria - attahes OM to cell
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Braun's lipoprotin
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a. ATP synthase
b. Brauns's lipoprotein c. Porin d. lipopolysaccharide |
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Hopanoids are
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Cholesterol-like structures
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a. porins
b. Vitamin K-like structures c. glycerol-based structures d. cholesterol like structures |
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Bacterial chemotaxis requires this bacterial structure
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Flagellum
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a. Flagellum
b. cilia c. pilus d. fimbriae |
