Biol 3312 Anatomy And Physiology Chapter 4

Front 1

Free Surface

Back 1

Part of epithelial cells which is not in contact with other cells.

Front 2

Basement Membrane

Back 2

Attaches epithelial cells to underlying tissues.

Front 3

Simple Cuboidal

Back 3

Epitheliums with single layer of cube-shaped cells

Front 4

Stratified Columnar

Back 4

Epithelium with MULTIPLE layers of tall, thin cells

Front 5

Transitional

Back 5

Epithelim with layers of cells that appear cubelike when an organ is relaxed and flattened when the organ is distended by fluid

Front 6

Simple squamous

Back 6

Epithelium with SINGLE layer of FLAT, often HEXAGONAL cells

Front 7

Pseudostratified

Back 7

Epithelium with SINGLE layer of cells; some cells are TALL and THIN and reach the free surface, others do not

Front 8

Stratified Squamous

Back 8

Epithelium with multiple layers of cells in whih the deepest layers are cuboidal or columnar and becomes flattened at the surface.

Front 9

Stratified Epithelium

Back 9

Found in areas where PROTECTION is a major Function... SKIN, ANAL CANAL, and VAGINAL

Front 10

Simple epithelium

Back 10

Found in ORGANS where the princelpal functions are diffusion, filtration, secretion or absorption.

Front 11

Squamous

Back 11

Epithelial cells involved in diffusion or filtration

Front 12

Cuboidal or Columnar

Back 12

Epithelial cells with the major function of secretion or absorption

Front 13

Smooth

Back 13

Cell surface that REDUCES friction

Front 14

Cilia

Back 14

Proel materials along the cell surface

Front 15

Microvilli

Back 15

Greatly increase surface area; cylindrical extensions of the cell membrane.

Front 16

Tight Junctions

Back 16

Bind adjacent cells together and prevent the passage of materials between epithelial cels.

Front 17

Desmosomes

Back 17

Mechanical links that function to bind cells together; found in areas subjected to stress such as skin epithelium

Front 18

Gap Junctions

Back 18

Small channels that allow small molecules and ions to pass from one epithelial cell to another.

Front 19

Exocrine

Back 19

Gland with a duct (Sweat glands)

Front 20

Endocrine

Back 20

Glands with NO duct; screte hormones (Pituitary gland )

Front 21

Collagen Finbers

Back 21

Protein fibers that resemble microscopic ropes; flexible, but resist stretching.

Front 22

Recticular Fibers

Back 22

Fine short collagen fibers that branch

Front 23

Elastic Fibers

Back 23

Protein fibers with structure similar to a coiled bed spring.

Front 24

Proteglycans

Back 24

Ground substance molecules that trap water; composed of Protein and Polysaccharides.

Front 25

Blast Cells

Back 25

Cells that PRODUCE the extracellular matrix

Front 26

Cyte cells

Back 26

Cells that MAINTAIN the extracellular matrix

Front 27

Clast Cells

Back 27

Cells that BREAK DOWN the extracellular matric.

Front 28

Macrophages

Back 28

Cells that MOVE about and ingest foreign substances

Hint 28

Macropahge Move

Front 29

Mast Cells

Back 29

Nonmotile cells; RELEASE chemicals promoting inflammation.

Front 30

Protein Fibers

Back 30

Extracellular matric for dense and areolar connective tissue

Front 31

Protein Fibers + Ground Substances

Back 31

Extracellular matrix for cartilage and bone

Front 32

Liquid

Back 32

Extracellular matrix for blood

Front 33

Dense Connective Tissue

Back 33

Closely packed collagen fibers running in the same direction; found in tendons ligaments, and the dermis of the skin.

Front 34

Loose (areolar) Connective

Back 34

Widely separated collagen fibers running in random directions; attachment for organs, glands, muscles, nerves, and skin

Front 35

Adipose Tissue

Back 35

Very little matrix; cells filled with lipid for energy storage.

Front 36

Hyaline Cartilage

Back 36

Covers the ends of bones where bones come together to form juoints

Front 37

Fibrocartilage

Back 37

Found in the Disks between vertebrae

Front 38

Elastic Cartilage

Back 38

Found in the external ear

Front 39

Bone

Back 39

Hard Connective tissue consisting of living cells and a mineralized matrix.

Front 40

Chondrocytes

Back 40

Cartilage cells

Front 41

Osteocytes

Back 41

Bone Cells

Front 42

Lacunae

Back 42

Spaces containing cells within the matrix of bone or cartilage

Front 43

Skeletal Muscle

Back 43

Cylindrical, striated, voluntary muscle cells, with several nuclei per cell

Front 44

Cardiac muscle

Back 44

Striated, branching, involuntary cells with intercalated disks

Front 45

Smooth muscle

Back 45

Cells tapered at each end, unstriated, involuntary, and with a single nucleus

Front 46

Cell body

Back 46

Part of the neuron (nerve cell) that contains the nucleus; site of general cell functions.

Front 47

Dendrite

Back 47

Receive action potentials and conduct them toward the cell body

Front 48

Axon

Back 48

Conducts action potentials away from the cell body

Front 49

Neuroglia

Back 49

Support cells of the nervous system; function to nourish, portect and insulate the neurons

Front 50

Mucous Mebranes

Back 50

Line cavities that open to the outside of the body

Front 51

Serous membrane

Back 51

Line the trunk cavities and cover the organs located within the trunk cavities.

Front 52

Other membranes

Back 52

Includes skin, synovial membrane, and periosteum

Front 53

Pleural

Back 53

Serous membranes - LUNGS

Front 54

Pericardial

Back 54

Serous membranes - HEART

Front 55

Peritoneal

Back 55

Serous membranes - Abdominopelvic Cavity