Biol 251- Quiz #3: Role Of Viruses In Disease

Front 1

List 3 characteristics of most viral infections

Back 1

1. cause mild symptoms
2. cause no symptoms
3. do not require extensive treatment

Front 2

List 4 common viral diseases

Back 2

1. common cold
2. influenza
3. flulike syndromes
4. gastroenteritis

Front 3

List 3 characteristics of other viral infections that target essential tissues and organs

Back 3

1. very cytolytic
2. induce immunopathologic effects
3. can cause serious & even life-threatening disease

Front 4

In general, the symptoms & severity of a viral infection are determined by which 3 things?

Back 4

1. the patient's ability to prevent or rapidly resolve the infection before the virus can reach important organs or cause significant damage
2. the target tissue & virulence of the virus
3. the ability of the body to repair the damage

Front 5

Viral diseases are discussed with respect to which 3 things?

Back 5

1. with respect to their symptoms
2. the organ system they target
3. the host factors that influence their presentation
(previous chapters stressed the viral characteristics that promote disease)

Front 6

List the major sites of viral disease

Back 6

1. respiratory tract
2. gastrointestinal tract
3. epithelial
4. mucosal
5. endothelial linings of the skin, mouth & genitalia
6. lymphoid tissue
7. liver & other organs
8. central nervous system (CNS)

Front 7

What are the 2 most common sites of viral infection and disease

Back 7

1. oropharynx
2. respiratory tract

Front 8

How are viruses spread?

Back 8

1. in respiratory droplets & aerosols
2. food & water
3. saliva
4. by close contact
5. on hands

Front 9

Similar respiratory symptoms can be caused by several different viruses

Back 9

Respiratory tract pathogens = wide range of organisms

Front 10

Which viruses are capable of causing bronchiolitis?

Back 10

1. respiratory syncytial
2. parainfluenza virus

Front 11

One virus may cause different symptoms in different people

Back 11

Respiratory tract pathogen = wide range of symptoms in different people

Front 12

Which virus can cause a mild upper respiratory tract infection in one person and a life-threatening pneumonia in another?

Back 12

influenza virus

Front 13

*Viral infections may be divided into two main groups

Back 13

* localized- only at the port of entry
* systemic- from port of entry to the target organ

Front 14

Symptoms & severity of a respiratory viral disease depend on what 4 things?

Back 14

1. nature of the virus
2. site of infection (upper or lower respiratory tract)
3. immune status
4. the age of the person

Front 15

How do conditions such as cystic fibrosis and smoking increase the risk of serious disease?

Back 15

conditions compromise the ciliated and mucosoepithelial barriers to infection

Front 16

What are the two most common viral presentations?

Back 16

1. pharyngitis
2. oral disease

Front 17

What is the site of infection for most enteroviruses?

Back 17

Oropharynx

Front 18

How do enteroviruses progress to other target tissues?

Back 18

by way of a viremia

Front 19

Define viremia

Back 19

the presence of a virus in the blood. ???sepsis (bloostream infection)

Front 20

List symptoms of Coxsackie A virus infections, Cocksackie B virus, and echovirus infections?

Back 20

accute onset pharyngitis, fever, & oral vesicular lesions (herpangina, hand-foot-and-mouth disease)

Front 21

List characteristics of Adenovirus and the early stages of EBV disease

Back 21

sore thoat and tonsillitis with an exudative membrane, and then EBV infects B lymphocytes to cause infectious mononucleosis.

Front 22

HSV causes....

Back 22

1. local primary infections of the oral mucosa & face (gingivostomatitis) and then establishes a
2. latent neuronal infection that can recur in the form of herpes labialis (cold sores, fever blisters)

Front 23

HSV local primary infections

Back 23

oral mucosa & face (gingivostomatitis)

Front 24

HSV latent neuronal infections

Back 24

can recur in the form of herpes labialis (cold sores, fever blisters)

Front 25

HSV is also a common cause of...

Back 25

pharyngitis

Front 26

What are Koplik's spots?

Back 26

vesicular lesions on the buccal mucosa & are an early diagnostic feature of measles infection.

Front 27

List an early diagnostic feature of measles infection

Back 27

Koplik's spots (vesicular lesions on the buccal mucosa)

Front 28

Which viruses intiate infection in the lung and can cause pneumonia but generally cause systemic infections resulting in an exanthem (rash)?

Back 28

Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) & measles virus

Front 29

List two things Varicella-zoster virus and measles virus have in common?

Back 29

These viruses initiate infection in the lung and can cause pneumonia but generally cause systemic infections resulting in an exanthem (rash)

Front 30

What is an exanthem?

Back 30

Rash

Front 31

List viruses that establish primary infection of the oropharynx or respiratory tract and then progress to other sites

Back 31

-rubella, mumps, enteroviruses, and several human herpesviruses-herpes simplex virus (HSV), Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), and human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6)

Front 32

Many viral infections start in the oropharynx or respiratory tract, infect the lung, and spread without causing significant symptoms.

Back 32

***

Front 33

Which viral infections of the upper respiratory tract are benign?

Back 33

1. the common cold
2. pharyngitis

Front 34

Upper respiratory tract viral infections

Back 34

account for at least 50% of absenteeism from schools and the workplace.

Front 35

Which viral diseases are the predominant causes of upper respiratory tract infections?

Back 35

rhinoviruses and coronaviruses

Front 36

List Typical symptoms of the common cold

Back 36

runny nose (rhinitis) followed by congestion, cough, sneezing, conjunctivitis, headache, and sore throat

Front 37

What is rhinitis?

Back 37

runny nose

Front 38

List other causes of the common cold & pharyngitis

Back 38

specific serotypes of echoviruses & Coxsackie viruses, adenoviruses, influenza viruses, parainfluenza viruses, & respiratory syncytial virus.