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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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fick's law of diffusion
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F = A*(deltaC/x)*D
F is flux A is surface area deltaC is difference in concentration x is distance needed to be diffused D is diffusion factor |
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Sodium / Potassium. Where are they concentrated?
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Sodium is concentrated on the outside of a cell, potassium is concentrated on the inside of the cell.
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how is charge separation created in animal cells?
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atpase pumps on outside of cells
pull in 2 K+ ions and pushes out 3 Na+ ions, making net charge at cost of 1 atp |
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how to get sugar into a cell?
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take Na+ from outside of cell and cotranport with sugar cell
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where does Na+ come from for stomach to use with sugar?
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It leaks out of the tight junction
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stimulus -> get info directly from the signaling energy
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ionotropic transduction
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how does hearing work?
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sound waves bend cilia, allows K+ to come in, action potential created which lets in Ca++, lets out neurotransmitter and sends info to neuron
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stimulus -> cascading and increasing info from signaling energy
ex: moth pheromones |
metabotropic processes
vision is also an example of this |
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metabotropic processes examples
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moth pheromone sensing
vision |
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Labeled Line
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specific sensory cells routed to specific receptors; able to keep pain and taste, for example, separate.
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what starts an action potential in muscles?
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acetocholine being transferred from a neuron to the muscle, releases Ca++ from sarcoplastic reticulum through t-tubes
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how does t-tubules effect Sarcoplastic reticulum?
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ryanodine receptor is signaled by the DHP protein to release Ca++
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