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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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name the two chromosome classifications
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Autosomes
sex chromosomes |
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8 histones plus DNA
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Nucleosome
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DNA and packaging protein?
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Chromatin
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N?
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Polidy
number of chromosome sets 2N during Interphase 1N during Meiosis 1 and 2 |
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C?
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Complement
copies of DNA goes up from 2 to 4 during S down from 4 to 2 during Meiosis 1 2 to 1 during Meiosis 2 |
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Mendel's two laws
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1- law of segregation
2- law of independent assortment |
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explain Mendel's law of segregation
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2 alleles for a heritable trait
segregate during gamete formation end up in DIFFERENT GAMETES |
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explain Mendel's law of independent assortment
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each pair of alleles
SEGREGATES INDEPENDANTLY of each other during gamete formation |
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homozygous
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having identical ALLELES for a single trait
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if heterozygote and homozygote mate, what is the ration for the offspring?
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50/50 for a DOMINANT trait
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properties of an X linked recessive trait
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from Dad the daughters get the allele but dont show
from Mum both one daughter and some inherit the alleles but son will show as he only has one x chromosome if both parents have it, one of each will show, a third girl will carry |
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properties of an X linked dominant trait
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if Dad has it both daughters will get it
if mum has it one of each sex child will get it if both have it only one son wont get it |
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ratio for heterozygous parents for two independent alleles
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9:3:3:1
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how to represent independent vs dependent assortment
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independent shows all gamete options for each punnet square, dependent is restricted to a limited number of gamete combos
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what is the cause of down syndrome
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trisomy on chromosome 21
3 chromsome 21, should be 2 whats this called |
nondisjunction
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what is aneupoloidy
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abnormal number of chromosomes
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how does our dna differ form apes?
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Robersonian translocation
human chromosome 2 is the recombination between two chromosomes we have 46 instead of 48 |
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define chromatid
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one of the two identical copies of DNA making up a duplicated chromosome, which are joined at their centromeres, for the process of cell division
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allele
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One of two or more alternative forms of a gene that arise by mutation and are found at the same place on a chromosome
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