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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Water is..
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1.transport materials via by blood and lymph
2. medium for chemical reaction 3. temp regulation |
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How many days humans can live without water?
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3 to 4 days
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what are classes of caloric nutrients?
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carb, fats/oils ( lipids), and proteins
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carbohydrates
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45-46 percent of diet,
two types: simple ( sugars) and complex ( fiber) |
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What kind of carb humans can't digest?
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dietary fiber ( from plant food)
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why simple carb is bad for you?
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empty calories- meaning to only give energy but not nutrients or any other value
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What is GI ( Glycemic index)?
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foods that raise blood glucose level quickly have high GI.
A system to rank food with carbs |
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If you chose food with low GI..
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it will lower risk of heart diease, diabetes, appetite, and cholesterol levels.
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How is carb metabolized in body?
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changed to simple sugar in intestine and ferried by blood and insulin.
ATP, heat, Co2, and H2O=stored as glycogen=then stored as fat |
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what are benefits of two types of fibers?
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insoluble fiber:
helps to poop reguarly remove toxic waste prevent colon cancer Soluble fiber: lower cholesterol and LDL cholestorol, reducing heart diease, and regulate blood sugar |
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Lipids
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fats from animals
oils from plants cholesterol |
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20- 30 percent of calories should come form fats.
main form to store excess calories. fats are cell membranes used to make myelin sheaths and absorb fat soluble vitamins. |
1. monoounsaturated and polyunsatured fats.
2. too much fat is linked to cancers, high blood pressure, atherosclerosis, and risk of diabetes |
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saturated fatty acids:
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form total of 4 bonds of carbons.
Has a long hydrocarbon chain and is in carboxylic acid group. Omega end starts the carbon chain in fat. All fat acids has even # of carbons. |
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unsaturated fatty acids:
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double-bonded carbon atoms in hydrocarbon chain.
Monosnsaturated MUFA is one C=C plyunsaturated PUFA is 2 or more C=C. |
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what are triglycerides?
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3 fatty acids bond to one glycerol molecule. Water is byproduct of the reaction.
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Animals make TGS with saturated fatty acids.
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Plants make TGs with unsaturated fatty acids.
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Essential fatty acids
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must be eaten. 1. linoleic acid ( omega 6) pro inflammation
2. linolenic acid ( omega 3) anti inflammation. |
