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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is RGD?
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An epitope that is a major component of cellular adhesion.
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Why is pH important in regards to amino acids?
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Depending on pH of environment, proteins may or may not be able to bind to surface molecules.
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Where is Collagen I found?
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Thick extracellular fibrils and fibers of tendons, skin, bone, and fascia.
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Where is Collagen II found?
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Thin fibrils around cartilage cells
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Where is Collagen III found?
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Intermediate size extracellular fibrils in cardiovascular tissue.
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Where is Collagen IV found?
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Network forming component in basement membranes
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Where is Collagen VI found?
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Pericellular matrix around cells in tendons, skin, and cardiovascular tissue.
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Where is Collagen VII found?
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Anchoring fibrils in Skin
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Where is Collagen VIII found?
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Around endothelial cells in cardiovascular tissue
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Where is Collagen IX found?
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Extracellular matrix of Cartilage
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Where is Collagen X found?
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Extracellular matrix in mineralizing cartilage
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Where is Collagen XI found?
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Extracellular matrix in Cartilage.
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Why are the X and Y positions in the triple helix often occupied by Proline and Hydroxyproline?
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Because these residues stabilize the structure
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What is Protein Conformation?
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Specific 3D configurations that the protein structure can acquire (such as when proteins adsorbed on a solid substrate surface.)
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What is the Vroman Effect?
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Hierarchical series of collisions, adsorption, and exchange processes when proteins from a multi-component solution interact with the substrate surface.
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In order of adsorbing first to last, list the exchange hierarchy of 6 plasma proteins on glass and metal oxide surfaces.
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1. Albumin
2. IgG 3. Fibrinogen 4. Fibronectin 5. Factor XII 6. High Molecular Weight Kininogen |
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What are the 4 functions of the ECM?
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1. Support cells
2. Reservoir for bioactive factors like GFs 3. Dynamic meshwork that regulates survival, migration, proliferation, differentiation 4. Mechanical/biophysical role in supporting cell function |
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What are the 2 engineering approaches to achieve tissue healing and/or regenerative implants? Why (two reasons)
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1. Provide cues and/or
2. Recreate appropriate signals In order to: 1. Produce new tissue 2. Repair/replace damaged/diseased tissue. |
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What is the Mechanism of Cell Adhesion on Substrates? Example?
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Receptors on cell membranes recognize and bind on specific domains of ECM proteins. Example: Integrins recognize RGD domain on ECM like fibronectin, collagen, etc.
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What are the 8 Methods for Immobilizing peptides on Materials?
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1. Covalent tethering
2. Plasma-treating of the substrate surface 3. Tethering onto polymer coatings 4. Photolithography 5. Microcontact Printing 6. Microfluidic patterning 7. Micromachining 8. 3D printing |
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What are the two peptides pertinent to Osteoblast Adhesion?
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1. RGDS
2. KRSR (Lysine-Arginine-Serine-Arginine) |
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In Osteoblast adhesion, why is 24 nm grain size alumina better?
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Vitronectin, a protein with an RGD domain, has more opportunities to bind to the alumina in the proper position for RGD to be accessible by the osteoblast.
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What is the concern with nanostructured materials?
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Nanotoxicity
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Nanomaterials will be considered safe when what 2 things are true?
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1. Toxicity becomes predictive
2. Standard evaluation protocols are established and widely used |
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In Dr. Bizios' opinion, we should design and fabricate nanostructured biomaterials to control what three things? In order to do what 3 things?
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1. Type
2. Spatial 3. Temporal Protein interactions in order to achieve: 1. Selective 3. Desirable 2. Specific 4. Timely Interactions of cells |
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What happens to some GFs when they're immobilized on substrates?
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They lose their bioactivity!
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What must you get cells to do when they attach to substrates? How?
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Proliferate and replace themselves with GROWTH FACTORS!
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In order for cells to be viable on substrates, what must they do?
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They must actually function as actual cells (don't have complacent cells!) and produce ECM
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What is the ideal situation regarding cells and implants?
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Surround implant and INTEGRATE
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