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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what are organic compounds
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compounds that contain carbon and are derived from living things
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how many valence electrons does C have?
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4
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monomers
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consist of a simple molecule and serve as a unit in a polymer
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polymer
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compounds made up of repeating linked monomers
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Macromolecules
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a large polymer
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functional group?? what are they?
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regions of organic molecules most commonly involved in chemical reactions
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what do function groups do?
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behave consistantyl from one molecule to the next, and give the molecule its unique characteristic
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types of functional goups
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-OH (hydroxyl) attract water
-COOH( carboxyl) acids b/c they form ions in water -NH2 ( amino) bases b/c they reduce # of H+ ions in a solution -PO4(phosphate)- components of DNA or RNA |
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condensation reactions
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chemically join monomers (water is formed)
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hydrolysis
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polymer is broken apart water is lost
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carbohydrates
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composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio
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carb. function
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main source of energy
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monomer of a carbohydrate
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monosacharide( carbon ring)
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ex of monosaccharides
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glucose, fructose, galactose
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polymers of a carbohydrate
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disaccarides- sucrose and lactose
polysacharides- starch, cellulose, glycogen, chitin |
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characteristic of a lipid
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non polar as a goup
wont dissolve in water |
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functions of lipids
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provide insulation and protection
long term energy storage act as reactants in matabolism |
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monomer of a lipid
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fatty acid bc of carboxyl acid
the more hydrogen the more non polar |
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polymer of a lipid
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triglycerides
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triglycerides
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oil (unsaturated)
fats- saturated |
