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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is zero nitrogen balance?
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In a mature healthy animal
Anabolism = Catabolism Nitrogen intake = Nitrogen excretion Nitrogen balance = 0 |
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What is Positive Nitrogen balance?
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Nitrogen intake > Nitrogen excretion
Anabolism > Catabolism (occur in growing animals, pregnancy, recovery from starvation or a wasting disease) |
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What is Negative Nitrogen balance?
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Nitrogen intake < Nitrogen excretion
Anabolism < Catabolism (occur in starving animal, acute injury or infection, senescent animal (aging animal), deficiency of one or more essential amino acids in diet). |
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What can synthesize all 20 amino acids?
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Plants and bacteria
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Animal and Humans can only make how many different kinds of amino acids?
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10 amino acids
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Amino acids that must be supplied by the diet is called:
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Essential amino acids
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Why can the human body not synthesize all 20 amino acids? Name 2 reasons:
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1) The body cannot synthesize the C-skeletons of these amino acids either at all
or 2) the rate of synthesis of these essential amino acids from the body is not sufficent to meet the demands of the body |
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Name the 9 essential amino acids
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Histidine
Isolucine Leucine Lysine Methionine Phenylalanine Threonine Tryptophan Valine |
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What is the general name of enzyme that breaks down protein into individual amino acids?
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Proteases
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Protein degradation begins where?
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Stomach- where acidic conditions (PH 2-3) denatures most proteins and makes them more susceptible to hydrolysis by proteases.
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The main protease in the stomach is:
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Pepsin
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Inactive form of Protease is:
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Zymogens
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At low PH, Pepsinogen is made into its active form:
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Pepsin + petpides
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What has a optimum pH of 2.5, hydrolyzes proteins to peptides at points involving aromatic amino acids, leucine, and acidic amino acids?
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Pepsin
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Once Pepsin is active where (what points) does it cleave the denatured proteins?
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Cleves at points involving aromatic amino acids, leucine, glutamate, Aspartate (acidic amino acids).
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