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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the function of Vitamin A?
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Part of visual pigments (retinal)
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What is the function of Vitamin B1 (thiamine)?
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1. Cofactor for oxidative decarboxylation of alpha-ketoacids (pyruvate and alpha-ketoglutarate); 2. cofactor for branched-chain amino acid dehydrogenase; 3. cofactor for transketolase in HMP shunt
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What is the function of Vitamin B2 (riboflavin)?
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Cofactor in oxidation and reduction (eg: FADH2)
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What is the function of Vitamin B3 (niacin)?
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Constituent of NAD+, NADP+ (used in redox reactions)
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What is the function of Vitamin B5 (pantothenate)?
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1. Constituent of CoA (a cofactor for acyl transfers); 2. Component of fatty acid synthase
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What is the function of Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine)
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1. Cofactor in transamination (pyridoxal phosphate) (e.g. ALT, AST); 2. Decarboxylation reactions; 3. Glycogen phosphorylase; 4. Heme synthesis; 5. Required for synthesis of niacin from tryptophan
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What is the function of Vitamin B12 (cobalamin)?
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1. Cofactor for homocysteine methyltransferase; 2. Cofactor for methylmalonyl-CoA mutase
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What is the function of folic acid?
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1. Coenzyme (THF) for 1-carbon transfer, methylation reaction; 2. Important for the synthesis of nitrogenous bonds in DNA and RNA
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What is the function of biotin?
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1. Cofactor for pyruvate --> oxaloacetate; 2. Cofactor for Acetyl-CoA --> Malonyl-CoA; 3. Cofactor for Propionyl-CoA --> methylmalonyl-CoA
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What is the function of Vitamin C (ascorbic acid)?
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1. Necessary for hydroxylation of proline and lysine in collagen synthesis; 2. Facilitates iron absorption by keeping iron in Fe2+ reduced state; 3. Cofactor for dopamine beta-hydroxylase (dopamine --> NE)
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What is the function of Vitamin D?
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Increased intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphate
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What is the function of Vitamin E?
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Antioxidant (protects erythrocytes from hemolysis)
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What is the function of Vitamin K?
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Catalyzes gamma-carboxylation of glutamic acid residues on various proteins concerned with blood clotting
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