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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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inner membrane
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Highly convoluted membrane inside the mitochondrion.
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outer membrane
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The covering of the mitochodrion.
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matrix
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The space inside the inner membrane of the mitochondrion.
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oxidation
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The loss of electrons during a reaction.
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reduction
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The gain of electrons during a reaction.
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oxydative phosphorylation
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The series of steps in the production of ATP.
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electron transport
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The passage of electrons through the respiratory group.
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respiratory chain
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Physical group of proteins (mostly) embedded next to each other in the inner membrane of the mitochondrion
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Complex I
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First in respiratory chain:
43 different protein molecules and flavin cofactors and iron ions. |
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Coenzyme Q
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Second in the respiratory chain.
4 protons are translocated across the inner membrane between Complex 1 and CoQ. |
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Complex III
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Third in respiratory chain.
11 proteins. Four protons are pumped across the membrane. |
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cytochrome c
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Fourth in the respiratory chain.
A single protein that receives electrons from Complex III |
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Complex IV
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26 proteins with copper, zinc, magnesium ions.
Electrons from cytochrome c pass electrons to Complex IV. On their way to O, two more protons are translocated from the matrix to the intermembrane space. |
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Complex II
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FADH2 passes its electrons through this complex - no protons are passed across the inner membrane.
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ATP synthase
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An enzyme complex embedded in the inner membrane of the mitochondrion. When protons from intermembrane space pass thru ATP is made.
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chemiosmotic model
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The osmotic pressure of protons across the inner membrane of mitochondrion provides the energy for ATP synthesis.
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1 NADH = ____ ATP
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3
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1 FADH2 = ____ ATP
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2
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ATP/ADP translocator
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A special transporting protein that sends one ATP out of the matrix and brings one ADP in.
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TCA cycle
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Major source of NADH and FADH2 used by mitochondrion for ATP synthesis.
= Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle = Krebs Cycle = Citric Acid Cycle |
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acetyl-CoA
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Major end product of the breakdown of carbohydrates and fatty acids.
A two C compound, containing an acetyl group covalently attached to Coenzyme A. |
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Coenzyme A
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A molecule that does a lot of carrying of fatty acid and other acids.
Attachment is through the sulfur of the CoA cofactor. |
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GTP
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Just like ATP, except guanine instead of adenine.
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