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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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RNA functions
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RNA as a genome
Carrier of info Protein synths Catalytic |
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Most abundant RNA
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rRNA (ribosomes and nucleolus)
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Least abundant RNA
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mRNA (nucleus and cytoplasm)
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RNA polymerase
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binds to promoter on DNA to initiate transcription
no primer needed no proofreading occurs |
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Transcription termination occurs where?
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hairpin loop
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Double strands of DNA in transcription
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one strand is a coding strand, and one strand is a template strand
RNA seq is complimentary to the template strand, and identical to the coding strand w/o T (has U instead) |
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RNA polymerase
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T3, T7 bacteriorphages - simplest, single polypep
E.coli - 5 subunits (w subunit) Yeast - 12 subunits |
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Sigma subunit of RNA polymerase
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recognizes promoter sequence
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Core enzyme
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alpha,alpha,beta,beta', omega
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Holoenzyme
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core enzyme + sigma subunit
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Ciprofloxacin
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topoisomerase inhibitor
quinolone antibiotic binds to the A subunit of bacterial DNA gyrase DNA cleavage and resealing activity impaired |
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Novobiocin
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topoisomerase inhibitor
coumarin antibiotic inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase by binding to the ATP binding site in its B subunit inhibits its DNA supercoiling activity |
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Differences between prokary and eukary transcription:
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structure and types of RNA polyemerases are different
promoter seq are different bacteria have operons eukary genes are individually regulated |
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Eukaryotic RNA polymerases
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Pol I - rRNA (most)
Pol II - mRNA Pol III - tRNA (some rRNA) |
