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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is the respiratory chain
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mitochondrial electron transport aka
a series of electron carriers associated with inner membrane of mitochondria which pass electrons from NADH and FADH2 to O2 to form water |
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what is the energy transfer in the respiratory chain and what happens with it
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a large decrease in free energy
a portion of it is captured in the form of a hydrogen ion gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane called proton motive force and this drives ATP synthesis |
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what is done to conserve energy in the electron transfer steps
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is broken into a number of steps which passes electrons from carrier to carrier until O2 is reached, each carrier is reduced as it accepts e- and is oxidized when it gives e-
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what are reduction potentials
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thermodynamic quantities whichg indicate the affinity of a particular species for an electron, the more positive this number is the greater the affinity
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what are the reduction potentials of NADH and FADH2 and what does this mean
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they are negative -.32 and -.22 this indicates their ready to donate electrons they carry
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what are the characteristics of H2O reduction potential
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has a positive number and will not readily donate the electrons it carries
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what happens to the reduction potential as electrons are carried to O2
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it becomes more positive and there is a decrease in free energy
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what do the four membrane bound multisubunit protein complexes have
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they carry prosthetic groups
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which of the complexes are the biggest and what does electron flow lead to
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transport of hydrogen ions from the mitochondrial matrix to the mitochondrial inner membrane space
establishment of a proton motive force across the inner membrane |
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what does NADH reduce to in the mitochondrial matrix
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reduces to oxidized form of complex 1 then complex 1 reduces to a membrane soluable isoprenoid coenzyme Q
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what does coenzyme Q do
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it shuttles reducing equivalents from complex 1 (oxidizes this) to complex 3 (reduces this)
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what does complex 3 oxidize into
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oxidized by a small water soluble heme protein called cytochrome c
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what does the reduced form of cytochrome c do
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shuttles transferred e- to the last protein complex (4) which is oxidized and ultimately regenerated as the transferred e- are used to reduce O2 to water
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why cant FADH2 transfer electrons the same as NADH
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its reduction potential is too high so it cant reduce the FMN prosthetic group of complex 1
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