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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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4 Types of Noncovalent Forces
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1) Charge-Charge Interactions
2) Hydrogen Bonding 3) Van der Waals Forces 4) Hydrophobic Interactions |
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Charge-Charge Interactions
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Electrostatic interactions between two charged particles
Can extend the longest distance |
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Hydrogen Bonding
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Strongest noncovalent interactions
H atom bonded to N,O, S can be hydrogen bonded to another electronegative atom. |
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Van der Waals Forces
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Weak, short range forces between uncharged molecules.
Occurs when outer orbitals overlap. |
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What are noncovalent interactions ' jobs in biomolecules?
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* Stabilization of proteins and nucleic acids
*Recognition of one biopolymer by another *Binding of reactants of enzymes. |
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What are biopolymers?
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Macromolecules created by joining many smaller organic molecules (monomers).
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Hydrophobic Interatcions
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Interactions between nonpolar molecules & Water are not as favorable as are interactions b/t water molecules themselves.
Water molecules form cages around non polar molecules. |
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Aliphatic Amino Acids
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Glycine (Gly,G)
Alanine (Ala, A) Leucine (Leu, L) Isoleuine (Ile, I) |
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Sulfur Amino Acids
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Methionine (Met, M)
Cysteine (Cys, C) |
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Aromatic Amino Acids
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Phenylalanine (Phe, F)
Tyrosine (Tyr, Y) Trytophan (Trp, W) |
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Basic Amino Acids
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Histidine (His, H)
Lysine (Lys, K) Arginine (Arg, R) |
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Acidic Amino Acids
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Aspartate Acid (Asp, D)
Glutamate Acid (Glu, E) Asparagine (Asn, N) Glutamine (Gln, Q) |
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Side Chains with Alcohol Groups
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Serine (Ser, S)
Threonine (Thr, T) Tyrosine (tyr, Y) |
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pH < pKa
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Protonated form dominates (AH)
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pH > pKa
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unprotonated form dominates (A)
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