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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Kwashiorkor
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Weight >90% of std
Edema loss of muscle, weakness Depressed visceral proteins: Albumin <3.0 Transferrin <180 |
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Marasmus
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Catabolism of fat and muscle
Weight <80% std and/or wt loss >10% of usual weight in 6 months Preservation of visceral proteins: Albumin >30 |
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Severe PEM
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Weight <60% of std
Albumin <30 (Combination of Marasmus and Kwashiorkor) |
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Moderate Malnutrition
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Weight 60% - 75% of std
Relative preservation of visceral proteins: Albumin 3.0-3.5 |
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Mild Malnutrition
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Weight 75%-90% of std
Preservation of visceral proteins: Albumin 3.5-5.0 |
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(-) Acute-phase respondents:
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Plasma proteins that decrease in concentration during inflammatory conditions.
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(+) Acute-phase protein:
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Increases in inflammation, infection, malignancy.
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Increases serum levels of Albumin, Transferrin, and Prealbumin
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Intravascular volume deficit
Exogenous albumin infusion Renal Failure Iron deficiency (transferrin only) |
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Decreases serum levels of Albumin, Transferrin and Prealbumin
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Intravascular volume excess
Recumbent posture Liver Disease Pregnancy Hypothyroidism Corticosteroids Malignancy Trauma |
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Clinical Nitrogen Balance
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(-) Balance= starvation
(+) Balance=growth or recovery |
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Calculate N Balance:
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N intake = _g protein/6.25g
N Output = (depends on how much urine op and g/ml (remember to convert to g and add 4 for correction factor) |
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Somatic protein
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(Skeletal Muscle Mass) Creatinine, 3-mthyl Histidine, and C-reactive protein
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Anergy
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Pt with impaired cellular immunity has low reactivity to antigen.
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Megalobastic Anemia
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Folate deficiency
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Pernicious Anemia
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Vitamin B12 deficiency
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RBC <80
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Microcytic or Iron deficiency
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RBC 80-99
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Normocytic, anemica of chronic dz
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>100 RBC
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Macrocytic, folate, or B12 deficiency
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Xerophthalmia
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Vitamin A
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Conjunctival Xerosis, Bitot's spots
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Vitamin A deficiency
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Cheilosis
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Riboflavin, niacin deficiency
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Angular stomatitis
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B-vitamin, iron deficiency
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Glossitis
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B vit, iron deficiency
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Atrophic tongue
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pernicious anemia, B12 deficiency
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Papillary atrophy
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Iron deficiency
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Magenta tongue
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riboflavin deficiency
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Scarlet tongue
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niacin, riboflavin deficiency
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Smooth, pale tongue
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malabsorption, anemia
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Marginal discoloration or gingiva
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hypervitaminos A
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Mottled enamel
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Excess floride
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Parotid enlargement
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Bulimia nervosa
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Follicular hyperkeratosis
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vit A or EFA deficiency
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Casal's necklace
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niacin deficiency
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Petechia
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Vit c Deficiency
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Hypercarotemia
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excess beta carotene
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Xanthomas
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hypercholesterolemia
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Koiloynchia (spoon nails)
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iron deficiency
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skull deformation (rickets)
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Vit D
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