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8 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What type of molecules dissolve readily in water? And what type are insoluble?
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Hydrophilic molecules--Polar organic molecules and inorganic salts-- dissolve readily in water.
Hydrophobic--Nonpolar-- substances are insoluble in water. |
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How can you calculate pH through [H+]?
What is the Hendersonj-Hasselbalch equation? |
pH= -log [H+]
pH = pka + log [base]/[acid] pH = pka + log [deprotonated]/[protonated] |
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What does a buffer consist of?
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Buffer consists of a weak acid and its conjugate base.
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What would be the patient's breathing pattern in case of metabolic acidosis? Why?
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The patient will breath more deeply (hyperventilation). This is because carbonic acid forms CO2 + H2O. According to Le Chatelier's Principle, if CO2 is eliminated through hyperventilation, carbonic acid will decrease and form more CO2.
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Which two factors determine the effectiveness of a buffer?
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1. pKa relative to pH of solution. The greatest buffering capacity is at pH range near its pKa.
2. Concentration of buffer. |
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What will a decrease in pH do to cardiac output and blood pressure?
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Low pH decreases cardiac output and blood pressure. (Increase in pH may cause arrhythmia).
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What is Hyponatremia?
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Hyponatremia occurs during water intoxication or low blood Na+. The water moves into the cell and cause edema.
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What is Osmotic diuresis?
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Increased urination due to the presence of some substances in Kidney tubules; example: glucose or diuretic medicine such as Mannitol.
Renal correction of acidosis: increased excretion of H+ and adding bicarbonate to blood. Renal correction of alkalosis: decreased excretion of H+ and increased excretion of bicarbonates. |
