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5 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the nine major functions for amino acids?
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Heme, choline, glucosamine, nucleotides, biogenic amines, carnitine, creatine phosphate, liver detoxification, and protein synthesis (75% of amino acids to to protein synthesis)
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What are the four liver systems we use to break down protein?
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Lysosomal: cathepsins-extracellular
Calcium dependent: calpains- intracellular Uniquitin: proteasome dependent- intracellular (80% of protein breakdown) Caspases: only for apoptosis- cys and asp proteases |
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What are the four metabolic classifications for amino acids?
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Essential
Nonessential Glucogenic: metabolized to alpha-ketogluterate, pyruvate, oxaloacetate, fumarate, or succinyl CoA Ketogenic: metobolized to acetyl-CoA or acetoacetate (ONLY leucine and lysine) |
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What are the eight essential amino acids?
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methionine, threonine, valine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, leucine, lysine
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What are the precursers to the 5 nonessential amino acids?
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alanine: pyruvate
aspartic acid: oxaloacetate asparagine: aspartate glutamic acid: alpha-ketogluterate serine: 3-phosphoglycerate |
