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9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Without angiogensis, what size can a cancer grow to?
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1-2 MM
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What is the initiating event that happens to a cancer to begin the process of angiogenesis?
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HYPOXIA - cells in the center of a cell mass begin to die and emit signals.
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What factors are released by hypoxia and what cells detect this?
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Detected by epithelial cells on vessels - VEGF is most important, also, TGFa, other GF's.
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What proteins re-do the ECM to allow the cancer to spread outside of its niche?
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MMPs secreted by moving vessels to get the ECM out of the way.
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Metastasis - what should we be thinking of? What are the invading structures made by tumors? What uncouples? What degrades the basement membrane?
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Uncoupled e-cadherin signaling, MMP expression, INVADOPODIUM messes with basement membrane, as does PLASMIN (plasminogen activated by plasminogen activator)
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Thinking back to actin, what protein is likely expressed on the invading side of a cancer cell?
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Cofillin! also N-wasp.
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If a breast cancer is Her2 positive (it has a mutation), what drug can we use?
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Herceptin! It's a humanized monoclonal antibody. It can cause receptor internalization or simply block receptor signaling.
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What growth factor promotes angiogenesis?
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VEG-F
Not EGF, or TGFb, or anything else. |
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Is Brca1 a TS or oncogene?
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Tumor suppressor.
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