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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is life span vs life expectancy?
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Life span is the age of the oldes living person in a population
Life expectancy is the amount of time an average person can expect to live |
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WHy do women typically live longer than men today?
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Testosterone make men engauge in risky behavior. Estrogen lowers LDL and raises HDL
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What is HALE?
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Health adult life expectancy
Length of time lived at full health |
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What are the diseases associated with over feeding?
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Type II diabetes
HTN Coronary heart disease Metabolic syndrome Hepatic Steatosis Polycystic ovarian syndrom Cancer ,Gout, Alzheimers |
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What are 2 diagnoses the positively correlate to increased BMI?
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Atherosclerosis(due to increased LDL-C, Triglycerides and low HDL)
HTN |
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At what percentage calorie restriction is it beneficial to life expectancy? Harmful?
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30- 40% increases life expectancy 30-40%
above 50% increases mortality |
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What are the negative aspects of calorie restriction?
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irratibility, low libido, fatigue, muscle soreness, loss of strength, low heat tolerance, lack of ambition, poor concentration
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Why is it hypothesized, biochemically, that CR increases life expectancy?
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Body uses energy for reproductive maintenance on somatic maintenance. ie DNA repair, ROS production decrese\destruction increase
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What is a molecular explaination for CR patients producing less ROS?
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Low RMR leading to less ROS from ETC at complex 3
And decreases proinflammatory macrophages in adipose(they produce ROS) |
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What is a molecular explaination for CR patients destroying more ROS?
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CR increases production of Catalase, SOD, GSH peroxidase
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How does CR decrease protein glycation?
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Decreases hyperglycemia so less reactive glucoses for glycation
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How does CR affect the bodies protein turn over in a beneficial way?
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Increases it due to need to cannibalize proteins for energy.
Gluconeogenesis upregulated *Especially useful in post mitotic organs ie heart, skeletal muscle) |
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How do CR patients benefit from low insulin and IGF levels?
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Insulin and IGF stimulate division and inhibit apoptosis. This promotes mutations
Low levels of insulin and IGF due to high sensitivity, increase apoptosis which is good for mitotic tissues ie liver lung, GI |
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What is werner syndrome?
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Due to PARP 1 coprotein mutation. Werner gene=coprotein. Leading to inhibited DNA repair, synthesis, and apoptosis. Causes highly decreased longevity
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how does SIR2 increase life expectancy?
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Codes for Histone deacetylase which normally tighten DNA on histones and silences genes. SIR2 is NAD+ dependent. CR increases NAD+ causing higher regulation of HDAC by SIR2
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