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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are carbs? aldehydes? Ketones?
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Polyhydroxyl aldehydes, polyhydroxyl ketones or compounds that can be hydrolyzed into smaller components.
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What is the most important monosaccahride? What Poly's are formed from it?
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Glucose. Makes up starch, cellulose, and glycogen
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Which sugar is named for pyran and furan? How man atoms per ring?
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Furanoses and Pyranoses. 5 and 6 membered rings.
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What is mutarotation?
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changes in configurations at the anomeric carbon by ring opening and closing
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What are two conformations of 6 memebered rings?
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Boat and Chair for hexoses
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How are sugar acids named?
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formed when terminal aldehyde (aldonic acid) or hydroxyl group (uronic acid) is oxidixed to acid (aldaric acid)
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Two commonly modified sugars?
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Lactones and hemiacetals
cyclized sugar acids |
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What is glycoside and an aglycone?
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Glyoside: anomeric hydroxy group reacts w/ hydroxy compound of another compound named for sugar providing anomeric carbon. The other is an aglycone.
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Which of the three most important polysaccahrides have alpha linked sugars? beta linked? importance?
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Alpha: sucrose, amylose, glycogen.
Beta: cellusose. the difference between alphas is the location of linkage. the Beta linkage is not digestible. |
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3 important disaccharides? Alpha or Beta?
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Maltose, Lactose (B), Sucrose (A)
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what are glycosaminoglycans? name 2
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unbranched polysaccharides made up of repeating disachs. one is a sugar the other is an acid. Hyaluric acid and heparin.
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Where is the difference in structure of A B O blood types? How many sugars are different?
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difference is presence of N-acetyl-galactosamine, or galactose linked to penultimate galactose. 5-6 diff oliggosachs.
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