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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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non-essential aas |
GAAAS Glutamate Aspartate Alanine Asparagine Serine |
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conditionally essential aas |
Good Cats Always Get Potty Trained Glutamine Cysteine Arginine Glycine Proline Tyrosine |
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precursor molecules that generate non-essential aas |
3-phosphoglycerate (glycolysis) pyruvate (glycolysis) oxaloacetate (TCA cycle) alpha-ketoglutarate (TCA cycle) |
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Alanine synthesis |
1-step: alanine aminotransferase
pyruvate --> alanine Glu -> α-KG |
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Glutamate synthesis |
1-step: many aminotransferases
α-KG --> glutamate L-AA -> α-keto acid |
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Aspartate synthesis |
1-step: aspartate aminotransferase
OAA --> aspartate Glu -> α-KG |
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Tyrosine synthesis |
1-step: phenylalanine hydroxylase phenylalanine --> tyrosine NADH -> NAD+
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Glutamine synthesis |
multi-step: glutamine synthetase
Glutamate --> γ-glutamyl phosphate ATP -> ADP
γ-glutamyl phosphate --> Glutamine NH4+ -> Pi |
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Asparagine synthesis |
multi-step: asparagine synthetase
aspartate --> acyl-adenylate intermediate ATP -> PPi
acyl-adenylate int --> asparagine NH4+ -> AMP |
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Serine synthesis |
3-phosphoglycerate oxidized (OH converted to =O)
3-PG --> oxidized intermediate NAD+ -> NADH
then undergoes aminotransferase rxn to produce 3-phosphoserine
intermediate --> 3-phosphoserine Glu -> α-KG
3-phosphoserine undergoes phosphatase rxn -hydrolyzes phosphate off to produce -OH
3-phosphoserine --> serine |
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3-phosphoglycerate |
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3-phosphoserine |
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Glycine synthesis |
1 enzymatic step from serine
tetrahydrofolate (THF) is used to remove -CH2OH from serine -THF is a cofactor that is involved in 1-carbon transfer rxns |
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Trp is a pre-cursor molecule for: |
1. nicotinate -a pre-cursor molecule for NAD and NADP
2. indoleacetate -a plant growth factor
3. serotonin -a neurotransmitter |
