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10 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The rarity of mutations reflects what characteristic of DNA?
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The high fidelity of DNA replication
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What compounds increase the mutation rate?
Name some examples. |
Mutagens
i.e. alkylating agents, UV radiation, base analogs |
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Name five types of mutations.
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Point mutations
Deletions Insertions Duplications Transpositions |
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What is an example of a spontaneous mutation?
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Base tautomerization
(resulting in inappropriate G:T pairing) Leads to transition mutation (purine for purine pyrimidine for pyrimidine) |
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How do different mutagen means cause mutations?
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Radiation --
UV: thymine dimers Gamma, x-rays: formation of radicals ds breaks Chemical agents -- Base analogs: incorporated into DNA during replication Alkylating agents: chemically react with bases Viruses, phages, transposons -- DNA insertion into genome |
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What is a prototroph?
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WT, capable of growing on minimal media
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What is an auxotroph?
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A mutant that must have media supplemented
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What is a true reversion?
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Reversal of a mutation where the nucleotide and protein sequence are regained
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What is an Equivalent Reversion?
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The original protein is regained but the nucleotide sequence is different
OR The nucleotide and protein sequences are different than original but still have the function of the original protein |
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Reversions:
Intragenic, Extragenic ??? I don't understand... |
Help.
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