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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Functions of the skeletal system include all of the following except:
A. Support B. Storage C. Blood cell production D. Causing movement |
Causing Movement
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The humerus is an example of a _______ bone.
A. Long B. Short C. Flat D. Irregular |
Long
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The ankle bones are examples of ________ bones.
A. Long B. Short C. Flat D. Irregular |
Short
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Mature bone cells are called
A. Osteocytes B. Osteoblasts C. Osteoclasts D. Osteons |
Osteocytes
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Cells that synthesize the organic components of the bone matrix are called:
A. Osteocytes B. Osteoblasts C. Osteoclasts D. Osteons |
Osteoblasts
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In the process of osteolysis:
A. New bone is formed B. New organic framework is formed C. The bony matrix is dissolved to release the stored minerals D. Osteoblasts form the osteoid that is later calcified |
The bony matrix is dissolved to release the stored minerals
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Bone contains all of the following except:
A. Clacium phosphate B. Collagen fibers C. Hydroxyapatite D. Chondroitin sulfate |
Chondroitin sulfate
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The narrow passageways that contain cytoplasmic extensions of osteocytes are called
A. Lamellae B. Lacunae C. Canaliculi D. Haversian canals |
Canaliculi
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The basic functional unit of compact bone is the Haversian system or:
A. Osteocyte B. Osteoclast C. Osteon D. Osseous lamellae |
Osteon
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The central canal of an osteon contains:
A. Bone marrow B. Osteocytes C. Lacunae D. Blood vessels |
Blood Vessels
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The tiny plates of bone material found in spongy bone are called:
A. Osteons B. Trabeculae C. Lucunae D. Canaliculae |
Trabeculae
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The medullary cavity of bones contains:
A. Compact bone B. Ostenons C. Marrow D. Cartilage |
Marrow
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The shaft of a long bone is called:
A. Epiphysis B. Diaphysis C. Metaphysis D. Epiphyseal plate |
Diaphysis
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The lining of the marrow cavity is called the:
A. Endosteum B. Periosteum C. Epimysium D. Perimysium |
Endosteum
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Calcifiction refers to:
A. Formation of new bone tissue B. Deposition of calcium salts within a tissue C. Deposition of calcium salts within a bone D. Release of calcium from bone |
Deposition of calcium slats within a tissue
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Which of the following is not formed by intramembranous ossification
A. Parietal skull bones B. Lower jaw C. Clavicle D. Scapula |
Scapula
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Endochondral ossification begins with the formation of:
A. a fibrous connective tissue model B. a cartilage model C. a membranous model D. a calcified model |
A cartilage model
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Secondary ossification center occur:
A. In the mudullary cavity of the diaphysis B. At the outer suface of the diaphysis C. In the center of the epiphysis D. At the surface of the epiphysis |
In the center of the epiphysis
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When production of sex hormones increases, bone growth:
A. Slows down B. Accelerates rapidly C. Increases, but only in thickness D. Is not affected |
Accelerates rapidly
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The presence of an epiphyseal line indicates:
A. Epiphyseal growth has ended B. Epiphyseal growth is just beginning C. Growth in bone diameter is just beginning D. The bone is fractured at the location |
Epiphyseal growth has ended
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The most abundant mineral in the human body is:
A. Sodium B. Potassium C. Calcium D. Phosphorus |
Calcium
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Elevated levels of calcium ion in the blood stimulate the secretion of the hormone
A. Calcitonin B. Thyroid hormone C. Parathyroid hormone D. Growth Hormone |
Calcitonin
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Parathyroid hormone functions in all of the following ways except:
A. Stimulates osteoclast activity B. Increases the rate of clacium absorption C. Decreases the rate of clacium excretion D. Suppresses osteoblast activity |
Suppresses osteoblast activity
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Increased growth hormone prior to puberty would result in:
A. Osteoporosis B. Osteopenia C. Gigantism D. Rickets |
Gigantism
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Factors that are necessary for the proper bone formation include all of the following except:
A. Vitmin A B. Vitamin E C. Vitamin C D. Thyroxin (hormone) |
Vitmain E
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Vitamin D is necessary for:
A. Collagen formation B. Absorption and transport of calcium and phosphate ions C. Reducing osteoblast activity D. Increasing osteoclast activity |
Absorption and transport of calcium and phosphate ions
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A lack of exercise would:
A. Cause bones to become thicker B. Cause bones to store more calcium C. Result in thin and brittle bones D. Have no effect on bone |
Result in thin and brittle bones
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A condtion that produces a reduction in bone mass sufficient to compromise normal function
A. Osteopenia B. Osteoporosis C. Osteomyelitis D. Osteomalacia |
Osteoporosis
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The lacunae of bone contain:
A. Blood cells B. Osteocytes C. Chondroblasts D. Bone marrow |
Osteocytes
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The rabeculae of spongy bone:
A. Are organized parallel to the long axis of the bone B. Are organized along stress lines C. Are composed mostly of cartilage D. Will collapse under stress |
Are organized along stress lines
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During appositional growth:
A. Bones grow longer B. Bones grow wider C. Bone is replaced by cartilage D. The more superficial their blood vessels are |
Bones grow wider
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When the epiphyseal plate is replaced by bone:
A. Puberty begins B. Interstitial growth begins C. Appositional bone growth begins D. Long bones have reached their adult length |
Long bones have reached their adult length
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The process of bone growth at the epiphyseal plate is similar to:
A. Intermembranous ossification B. Endochondral ossification C. The process of healing a fracture D. The process of calcification |
Endochondral ossification
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In normal adult bone:
A. There is no turnover of minerals B. A portion of the protein and mineral content are replaced each year C. Osteobalst activity exceeds osteoclast activity, once bone has formed D. Osteoclasts continue to be active long after osteoblast activity ceases |
A portion of the protein and mineral content are replaced each year
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Bill develops a bening tunor of the parathyroid glands which causes the level of parathyroid hormone in this blood to be higher than normal. Which of the following would you expect to occur as a result of this condition?
A. Decreases in blood levels of calcium B. Convusions C. Decreased muscle response D. Increased bone density |
Decreased muscle response
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Mary is 50 years old. During a chekup, a bone scan reveals that protions of her skeleton show greater than normal demineralization. After reviewing the test results, her physician suggest hormone thearpy. What hormone will she prescribe for her patient?
A. Thyroid hormone B. Growth hormone C. Estrogen D. Parathyroid hormone |
Estrogen
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Frank does not begin pubery until he is 16. What effect would you predict this will have on his stature?
A. Frank will probably be taller thanif he had started puberty earlier B. Frank will probably be shorter than if he had started puberty earlier C. Frank will probably be a dwarf D. Frank will probably have bones that are heavier than normal |
Frank will probably be taller than if he had started puberty earlier
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How would increasing the proportion of organic molecules to inorganic components in the bony matrix affect the physical characterists of bone?
A. The bonees would be less flexible B. The bones would be stronger C. The bones would be more brittle D. The bones would be more flexible |
The bones would be more flexible
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In compact bone the osteons are:
A. Lined up in the same direction B. Lined up perpendicular to the long axis C. Are arranged in an irregular pattern D. Are lacking in the diaphysis |
Lined up in the same direction
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Premature closure of the epeihyseal plates could be caused by:
A. High levels of vitamin D B. Too much clacium in the diet C. Elevated levels of sex hormones D. Too little thyroxin |
Elevated levels of sex hormones
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