Bio183 Test 2

Front 1

ATP

Back 1

bonds high energy, unstable
3 phosphate groups

Front 2

Phosphorylation
ex

Back 2

add a phosphate group.
adp to atp

Front 3

substrate level phosphorylation

occurs in

Back 3

addition of a phosphate group, w/o the use of a intermediary (electron carrier)
Krebs and Glycolasis cycle

Front 4

Oxidative phosphorylation

Back 4

adding of a phosphate group to a molecule REQUIRES an intermediary (electron carrier).
REQUIRES oxygen

Front 5

Electron Carriers

Back 5

Molecules that have the unique capacity to undergo repeated oxidation and reduction reactions w/o themselves being changed in the process.

Front 6

Ex of electron carriers

Back 6

NAD, FAD, Cytochrome

Front 7

Glycolysis occurs in
DOES NOT REQUIRE
How many ATP to get process started?
APTnet?

Back 7

cytoplasm
Oxygen
2
2

Front 8

Pyruvate Oxidation


per pyruvate =

Back 8

1. Pyruvate molcules convert to acetyl COA
2. Each pyruvate molecule releases one CO2 molecule
3. one substrate molecule

Front 9

per glucose

Back 9

double

Front 10

krebs cycle occurs
What happens?
substrate level:

Back 10

inner matrix of mitochondria.
Acetyl COA is completley broken down, will relase 2 carbons
3 NADH, 1ATP, 1 FADH molecule

Front 11

Electron Transport System

reactions in:

Back 11

All 12 electron carriers generate lots of ATP
inner membrane

Front 12

Cytochrome

Back 12

ability to accept an electron

Front 13

Last electron acceptor in respiration is always

Back 13

oxygen

Front 14

atp synthesis

NADH enters at a higher energy level then

NADH capacity to generate


1 FADH

Back 14

add phosphate group to adp to form atp.
FADH

3 ATP

2 NADH

Front 15

Electron transport system, rate limiting enzyme:

max yeild

Back 15

ATP synthesis

38 ATP

Front 16

GLYCOLYSIS where?

substrate:

end product:

Back 16

cytoplasm

1 molecule glucose (6C)

2 Molecules pyruvate (3C)
2 NET ATP
2 NADH

Front 17

PYRUVATE OXIDATION where?

substrate?

end product?

Back 17

mitochondrial matrix

2 molecule pyruvate (3C each)

2 Molecule acetyl CoA (2 C each)
2 CO2
2 NADH

Front 18

KREBS CYCLE where?

type of phosphorolyation?

type of metabolism?

substrate?

end product?

Back 18

mitochondrial matrix

substrate level phosphor

catabolic

2 molecule acetyl CoA (2C each)

4CO2
2ATP
6 NADH
2 FADH2

Front 19

ETC where?

type of phosphorolyation?

substrate?

end product?

Back 19

inner mitochondrial membrane

oxidative

10 NADH and 2 FADH2

32-34 ATP

Front 20

rate limiting enzyme of ETS?

Back 20

ATP synthesis

Front 21

Catabolism

Back 21

Reaction that releases energy

Front 22

Anabolism

Back 22

Reaction that consumes energy

Front 23

FADH2

Back 23

Electron carrier which will ideally from 2 ATPs/molecule in the electron transport chain

Front 24

Reduction

Back 24

Gain of energy through the gain of an electron

Front 25

Cytoplasm

Back 25

Site of glycolysis

Front 26

Inner compartment of mitochondria

Back 26

Site of Krebs and pyruvate oxidation

Front 27

Inner membrane of mitochondria

Back 27

Site of electron transport chain

Front 28

Oxidation

Back 28

Loss of energy through loss of electron

Front 29

NADH

Back 29

Electron carrier which will ideally form 2 ATPs/molecule in the electron transport chain

Front 30

Cytochromes

Back 30

electron carriers in the electron transport chain composed of proteins with an FE group

Front 31

Number of ATP molecules formed per glucose molecule in the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl CoA

Back 31

0

Front 32

Number of NADH molecules formed per krebs cycle

Back 32

3

Front 33

Number of ATP generated from the NADH molecules donated from the krebs cycle per glucose molecule

Back 33

18

Front 34

Number of ATP generated from the NADH molecules donated from the pyruvate oxidation step per glucose molecule

Back 34

6

Front 35

Photosynthesis

Back 35

process by which organisms convert light energy into chemical bond energy

Front 36

Photosynthesis formula

Back 36

6C02+ 6H20 light C6H12O6 + 6O2

Front 37

primary photosynthetic

Back 37

leaf

Front 38

guard cell

oxygen relased out of

Back 38

controls when stomata opens to take gas in

stomata

Front 39

Greens Discs

Stacked discs

Stromma

Back 39

Thylakoid

Granum

Liquid surrounds thylakoids

Front 40

Where light reaction occurs

Dark reaction occurs in

Back 40

Thylakoids

Stroma

Front 41

Electron carriers used by plants

needed to drive

Back 41

ATP , NADPH

Calvins Cycle

Front 42

Chlorophyll A

Back 42

primary photosynthetic pigments, located in thylakoid

Front 43

Chlorophyll B

Back 43

accessory photosynthetic pigment

Front 44

Crotenes and Xanthophylis

Back 44

responsible for yellow green colors. absorbed light

Front 45

Chlorophyll b and A

Back 45

less reactive.