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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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In the mouth, what do the teeth do? |
chewing: mechanical digestion by 32 teeth |
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In the mouth, what do the salivary glands do? |
produce saliva (contains the enzyme amylase which converts starch to maltose) |
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In the mouth what does the tongue do? |
Moves food from side to side; rolls chewed food into ball called a bolus |
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What does the pharynx contain? |
Contains epiglottis which closes off the trachea (breathing tube) when swallowing |
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What is the Esophagus made of and what does it do? |
Made of longitudinal & circular smooth muscle, 1st site of peristalsis, the rhythmic waves of contraction, Rhythmic waves of contraction to push food in one direction |
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What is the Cardiac Sphincter? |
Ring of muscle, which acts like a valve; it allows food to enter the stomach |
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What does the stomach consist of? |
Consists of 3 layers of smooth muscle (oblique, longitudinal, and circular) |
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How does the stomach mix food? |
Mechanically |
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What are gastric glands? |
They produce gastric juice: contains HCI and pepsinogen |
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What is pepsinogen converted into and how? |
Pepsinogen is converted to pepsin in the presence of HCL (Hydrochloric acid) |
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What lines the stomach? |
Mucus lining, protects the stomach from self destruction |
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What can bacteria do to the stomach? |
Cause ulcers |
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What are three functions of the stomach? |
Some mechanical and chemical digestion, Storage, Acidic environment kills microbes |
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What is the pyloric sphincter? |
Ring of muscle which controls the amount of acid chime leaving the stomach |
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What is the duodenum and what does it contain? |
1st part (25cm) of small intestine, contains enzymes that can digest everything |
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What does the pancreas produce? |
Digestive enzymes and sodium bicarbonate to neutralize acid chime |
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What does the liver produce? |
Bile which is stored in the gall bladder |
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What is bile? |
An emulsifier |
