Bio Vocab Unit 2

Front 1

Acid

Back 1

Any compound that increases the # of hydronium ions when dissolved in water. Turns blue litmus paper red and reacts with bases and some metals to form salts

Front 2

Activation Energy

Back 2

Minimum amount of energy required to start a chemical reaction

Front 3

Base

Back 3

Any compound that increases the # of hydroxide ions when dissolved in water. Turns red litmus paper blue and reacts with acids do form salts

Front 4

Buffer

Back 4

Solution made from a weak acid and its conjugate base that neutralizes small amounts of acids or bases added to it

Front 5

Carbohydrate

Back 5

Any organic compound that is made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen and that provides nutrients to the cells of living things

Front 6

Decomposition Reaction

Back 6

Chemical reaction between water and another substance to form 2 or more substances; a reaction water and a salt to create an acid or base

Front 7

Enzyme

Back 7

Type of protein or RNA molecule that speeds up metabolic reactions in plants and animals w/o being permanently changed / destroyed

Front 8

Functional Group

Back 8

The portion of a molecule that is active in a chemical reaction and that determines the properties of many organic compounds

Front 9

Inorganic

Back 9

Not naturally made; artificial

Front 10

Lipid

Back 10

Large, nonpolar organic molecule, including fats ad steroids; they store energy and make up cell membranes

Front 11

Macro-

Back 11

Large; great in size or duration

Front 12

Macromolecule

Back 12

Very large organic molecule, usually a polymer, composed of hundreds or thousands of atoms

Front 13

-mer

Back 13

Part

Front 14

Mono-

Back 14

One, single, alone

Front 15

Monomer / Subunit

Back 15

Molecule that can combine w/ others to form a polymer

Front 16

Neutral pH

Back 16

Neither acidic nor alkaline, such as pure water

Front 17

Nucleic Acid

Back 17

Organic compound, either RNA or DNA, whose molecules are made up of 1 or 2 chains nucleotides and carry genetic info

Front 18

Organic Compound

Back 18

A covalently bonded compound that contains carbon, excluding carbonates and oxidizers

Front 19

Polar Molecule

Back 19

Molecule where the centroid of the positive charges is different from the centroid of the negative charges

Front 20

Poly-

Back 20

More than 1

Front 21

Polymer

Back 21

Large molecule that is formed by more than 5 monomers, or small units

Front 22

Product

Back 22

Substance that forms in a chemical reaction

Front 23

Protein

Back 23

Organic compound that is made of 1 or more chains of amino acids and that is a principle component of all cells

Front 24

Re-

Back 24

Again, back, return

Front 25

Reactant

Back 25

Substance or molecule that participates in a chemical reaction

Front 26

Solute

Back 26

Substance that dissolves in the solvent

Front 27

Solvent

Back 27

Substance in which the solute dissolves

Front 28

Sub-

Back 28

Below, secondary, under

Front 29

Syn-

Back 29

Together, united, same

Front 30

Synthesis Reaction

Back 30

Chemical reaction in which 2 or more molecules combine to produce water or another simple molecule