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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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ATP |
Main source of energy for cells |
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Heterotroph |
Relies on other organisms or animals to obtain energy |
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Autotroph |
On organism or animal that makes their own source or energy |
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Photosynthesis |
Uses the energy of sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into high-energy sugars and oxygen |
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Pigment |
Light-absorbing molecules that plants gather from the sun |
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Chlorophyll |
A plants principle pigment |
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Thylakoid |
A structure inside the plant used for photosynthesis |
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Stroma |
The fluid portion that stands outside of the thylakoid |
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Light-dependent reactions |
Require the direct involvement of light and light-absorbing pigments |
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Light-independent reactions |
ATP and NADPH molecules produced in the light-dependent reactions are used to produce high-energy sugars from carbon dioxide |
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Photosystem |
Cluster of chlorophyll and proteins found in thylakoids |
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Calvin cycle |
Light-independent reactions of photosynthesis in which energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high-energy compounds such a as sugar |
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Electron transport chain |
Series of electron carrier proteins that shuttle high-energy electrons during ATP-generating reactions |
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Cellular respiration |
Process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen |
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Aerobic |
Process that requires oxygen |
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Anaerobic |
Process that doesn't require oxygen |
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Glycolysis |
First set of reaction in cellular respiration in which molecule ofglucose is broken into two molecules of pyruvic acid |
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Krebs cycle |
Second stage of Cellular respiration in which pyruvic acidis broken down into carbon dioxide a series of energy-extracting reactions |
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Fermentation |
Process in which cells release energy in the absence of oxygen |
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Matrix |
Innermost compartment of the mitochondria |
