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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Gene |
Segmant of DNA that is located in a chromosome and that codes for a specific heredity trait |
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Chromosome |
a threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes. |
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DNA |
the material that contains the infromation that determines inherited characteristics |
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Centromere |
the region of the chromosome that holds the two sister chromatids together during mitosis |
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Tumor |
a swelling of a part of the body, generally without inflammation, caused by an abnormal growth of tissue, whether benign or malignant.
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Egg |
an oval or round object laid by a female bird, reptile, fish, or invertebrate, usually containing a developing embryo. The eggs of birds are enclosed in a chalky shell, while those of reptiles are in a leathery membrane.
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Autosome |
any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome.
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Diploid |
(of a cell or nucleus) containing two complete sets of chromosomes, one from each parent.
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Mitosis |
a type of cell division that results in two daughter cells each having the same number and kind of chromosomes as the parent nucleus, typical of ordinary tissue growth.
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Interphase |
the resting phase between successive mitotic divisions of a cell, or between the first and second divisions of meiosis.
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Homologous Chromosome |
A homologous pair is a pair of chromosomes containing a maternal and paternal chromatid joined to together at the centromere.
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Chromatin |
the material of which the chromosomes of organisms other than bacteria (i.e., eukaryotes) are composed. It consists of protein, RNA, and DNA.
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Histone |
any of a group of basic proteins found in chromatin.
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Chromatid |
each of the two threadlike strands into which a chromosome divides longitudinally during cell division. Each contains a double helix of DNA.
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Cancer |
the disease caused by an uncontrolled division of abnormal cells in a part of the body.
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Sperm |
male seed |
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Karyotype |
the number and visual appearance of the chromosomes in the cell nuclei of an organism or species.
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Haploid |
(of a cell or nucleus) having a single set of unpaired chromosomes.
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Zygote |
a diploid cell resulting from the fusion of two haploid gametes; a fertilized ovum.
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Meiosis |
a type of cell division that results in four daughter cells each with half the number of chromosomes of the parent cell, as in the production of gametes and plant spores.
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Cytokinesis |
the cytoplasmic division of a cell at the end of mitosis or meiosis, bringing about the separation into two daughter cells.
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