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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Phagocytosis |
The process by which a cell—often a phagocyte or a protist—engulfs a solid particle to form an internal vesicle known as a
Cellular eating |
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Receptor Mediated Endocytosis |
An endocytotic mechanism in which specific molecules are ingested into the cell by fusion of vesicles. |
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Lysosome
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An organelle in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells containing degradative enzymes enclosed in a membrane.
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Tight junction
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Seal adjacent epithelial cells in a narrow band just beneath their apical surface.
They limit the passage of molecules and ions through the space between cells. |
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Desmosomes
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A structure by which two adjacent cells are attached, formed from protein plaques in the cell membranes linked by filaments.
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Gap Juntion
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A specialized intercellular connection between a multitude of animal cell-types.
They directly connect the cytoplasm of two cells, which allows various molecules, ions and electrical impulses to directly pass through a regulated gate between cells. |
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Plasmodesmata
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Microscopic channels which traverse the cell walls of plant cells and some algal cells, enabling transport and communication between them.
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Amphipathic |
A substance which has a hydrophobic and a hydrophilic region. |
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Concentration Gradient
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The process of solutes moving through a solution from an area of higher number of particles (higher concentration) to an area of lower number of particles (lower concentration).
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Isotonic
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Two solutions having the same osmotic pressure across a semipermeable membrane.
This state allows for the free movement of water across the membrane without changing the concentration of solutes on either side. |
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Hypotonic |
A solution in which the total molar concentration of all dissolved solute particles is less than that of another solution.
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Hypertonic |
A solution in which the total molar concentration of all dissolved solute particles is more than that of another solution.
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Plasmid
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A small DNA molecule within a cell that is physically separated from a chromosomal DNA and can replicate independently.
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Exotoxin
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A toxin secreted by bacteria.
They can cause damage to the host by destroying cells or disrupting normal cellular metabolism. They are highly potent and can cause major damage to the host. |
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Endotoxin |
They are toxins which are closely associated with the living cytoplasm or cell wall of certain microorganisms, which do not readily diffuse into the culture medium, but are released upon lysis of the cells.
What? |
