Bio - Unit 4

Front 1

Anticodon

Back 1

3 nucleotides on the end of transfer DNA.

Hint 1

3 of ..?

Front 2

Aesexual reproduction

Back 2

A single organism reproducing without the help of another.

Hint 2

Opposite of sexual reproduction

Front 3

Autosome

Back 3

Any non-sex chromosome.

Hint 3

Any chromosome that isn't a...?

Front 4

Base-pairing

Back 4

Any of the pairs connecting the complementary strands of dna or rna with a purine.

Hint 4

Pairs connecting strands of ____ with a purine.

Front 5

Benign tumor

Back 5

A non-cancerous tumor inside or outside the body.

Hint 5

A non-_____ tumor.

Front 6

Binary fission

Back 6

A type of aesexual reproduction where a cell divides into two.

Hint 6

Call divides, type of _______ reproduction

Front 7

Cancer

Back 7

Diseases where abnormal cells divide without control and can invade nearby tissues.

Hint 7

Diseases where cells _____ uncontrollably

Front 8

Carcinogen

Back 8

An agent that can make cells become cancerous by altering their genetic structure.

Hint 8

Makes cells become ____ by altering their _____ structure.

Front 9

Cell cycle

Back 9

The cycle of growth and aesexual reproduction of a cell.

Hint 9

Cycle of ___ and ____ reproduction of a cell.

Front 10

Centromere

Back 10

The part of a chromosome where parts attach during cell division.

Hint 10

Part of a ______ where parts attach during _____ division.

Front 11

Chromatid

Back 11

Both of the 2 threadlike strands where a chromosome divides during cell division.

Hint 11

Both of the 2 strands where a ________ divides during..?

Front 12

Chromosome

Back 12

A structure in all living cells that has one dna molecule bonded to proteins and carries genes determining heredity.

Hint 12

Contains one _____ molecule bonded to _____ that carries genes.

Front 13

Codon

Back 13

3 adjacent nucleotides in mRNA that specifies the amino acid sequence for protein synthesis.

Hint 13

3 nucleotides in _____ that specifies the ______ ____ sequence for protein synthesis.

Front 14

Cytokinesis

Back 14

The cytoplasmic division at the end of mitosis, resulting in 2 daughter cells.

Hint 14

Division of a cell at the end of ______.

Front 15

Diploid (2n)

Back 15

The normal chromosome complement of an organism's somatic cells.

Hint 15

The normal __________ complement of an organism's __________ cells.

Front 16

DNA

Back 16

A molecule that contains the instructions an organism needs to live.

Hint 16

Contains instructions an organism needs to _______.

Front 17

DNA Polymerase

Back 17

An enzyme that helps in DNA replication.

Hint 17

An ______ that helps in ____ replication.

Front 18

DNA replication

Back 18

Where a DNA molecule is copied to produce 2 identical ones.

Hint 18

A DNA molecule is ______ to make...?

Front 19

Double heilix

Back 19

The 3-d structure of double stranded DNA.

Hint 19

The structure of ____.

Front 20

Frameshift mutation

Back 20

A genetic mutation caused by indels.

Hint 20

A genetic _____ caused by ______.

Front 21

Helicase

Back 21

An enzyme that uses energy to unwind the 2 nucleic acid strands.

Hint 21

An _____ that uses energy to _____ the 2 nucleic acid strands.

Front 22

Hormones

Back 22

A chemical substance produced in the body that controls and regulates the activity of some cells and organs.

Hint 22

A _________ substance that controls some cells and organs.

Front 23

Hydrogen bond

Back 23

A weak chemical bond responsible for the properties of water and more.

Hint 23

A weak chemical ____ respobsible for the _________ of water.

Front 24

Interphase(G1,S,G2)

Back 24

The resting phase between mitotic divisions of a cell.

Hint 24

The _____ phase between mitotic _______ of a cell.

Front 25

Lethal mutation

Back 25

A type of mutation where death or lengthy consequences can occur.

Hint 25

A type of _____ that may result in _____.

Front 26

Malignant tumor

Back 26

A tumor that may invade nearby parts of the body.

Hint 26

A tumor that may ______ nearby parts of the body.

Front 27

Messenger RNA (mRNA)

Back 27

Transcribed from the DNA of a gene and makes a protein through ribosomes.

Hint 27

Transcribed from the ____ of a gene and makes ________.

Front 28

Mitosis

Back 28

A type of cell division that results in two identical daughter cells.

Hint 28

Results in 2 identical __________ cells.

Front 29

Mutagen

Back 29

A physical or chemical agent that changes the DNA of an organism.

Hint 29

Changes the ____ of an organism.

Front 30

Mutation

Back 30

A gene is altered to change the genetic message it carries.

Hint 30

A _____ is altered to change it's genetic message.

Front 31

Nitrogenous base

Back 31

A molecule containing nitrogen with the same chemical properties of a base.

Hint 31

A molecule with ______ with the same chemical properties of a base.

Front 32

Nucleotide

Back 32

One of the structural components of dna an rna.

Hint 32

One of the structural components of ____ and rna.

Front 33

Phosphate group

Back 33

Makes up DNA and rna, and is part of energy carriers like ATP.

Hint 33

Makes up DNA and _____ .

Front 34

Point mutation

Back 34

A change of one nucleotide base in DNA.

Hint 34

A change of one ___________ base in DNA.

Front 35

Polypeptide

Back 35

A polymer of amino acids joined together by peptide bonds.

Hint 35

A polymer of ________ acids joined by peptide _______.

Front 36

Protein synthesis

Back 36

A process where the genetic code puts together proteins in the cell.

Hint 36

Genetic code puts proteins together in the _______.

Front 37

Radiation (as a mutagen)

Back 37

The first mutation than efficiently produced mutations in a multicellular organism.

Hint 37

The first ________ to produce mutations in a __________ organism.

Front 38

Ribosomal rna (rRNA)

Back 38

The cell's protein factory

Hint 38

The cell's _______ factory.

Front 39

Rna

Back 39

One strand of nucleotides, essential in protein synthesis.

Hint 39

Only one strand of _________, essential in protein ___________.

Front 40

Rna Polymerase

Back 40

Speeds up the synthesis of an rna strand from a DNA template.

Hint 40

Speeds up the synthesis of an _____ strand from a _____ template.

Front 41

Semi-conservative replication

Back 41

The method of dna replication

Hint 41

The method of ____ replication

Front 42

Silent mutation

Back 42

Base substitutions that don't change the amino acid.

Hint 42

Base substitutions that _______ change the amino acid.

Front 43

Sister chromatids

Back 43

Two identical strands duplicated during the cell cycle.

Hint 43

2 identical strands made during the ______ cycle

Front 44

Stomatic cell

Back 44

Any cell in a living organism except the reproductive cells.

Hint 44

Any cell except the _____ cells.

Front 45

Transcription

Back 45

The process where DNA is copied into mRNA.

Hint 45

The process where DNA is ________ into mRNA

Front 46

Transfer rna (trna)

Back 46

Carry amino acids to the ribosome to help make polypeptides.

Hint 46

Carry ______ acids to the _______ to help make polypeptides.

Front 47

Translation

Back 47

A step in protein synthesis where mRNA code is decoded to make amino acids.

Hint 47

Step in _______ synthesis where _____ code is decoded to make amno acids.